1845.] Viddnla- Sara, or Essence of the Veddnta. 119 



Consciousness, mind, by which it examines ; consciousness, by which 

 ^5f^*qnT« jt perceives its actions as its own actions. They 

 are also produced by the united first qualities of those elements, 

 which is evident from the fact, that they have the power to manifest. 

 The understanding together with the intellectual senses, forms the 

 Intelligent case of the intelligent case of the soul ; this (case) on ac- 

 soul. count of its manifesting the impulses of dominion, 



possession and pride, is called the administering sentient soul, the posses- 

 sor of this and another world. The reason together with the organs of 



, action form the mental case. Organs of action 

 Mental case of the soul. 



are word, hand, foot, the organs of evacuation and 



generation. They are separately according to their order, produced by 

 parts of the second quality. The vital airs are those of respiration, 

 of inspiration, of circulation, the guttural air and the equalizing air, 

 (of digestion.) The air of respiration (JHW*') is going upwards 

 through the nose, that of inspiration (^FK[W*) going downwards to 

 the lower extremity of the intestine, that of circulation is diffused 

 throughout the whole body. The guttural wind (^"^T«T0 moving 

 upwards turns-back again, and has its place in the throat. The equa- 

 lizing air (^TTW) passing through the middle of the body, equalizes 

 the food, which is taken by eating or drinking ; to equalize is to digest 

 and to produce the different substances for assimilation or excretion. 

 Others maintain five airs, different from those above mentioned, viz. of 

 eructation, of winking, of digestion, of yawning and of nourishing. The 

 air of eructation (•TT'J) produces belching, that of winking (3R"W) 

 effects the closing of the eyes, &c. that of digestion (3}3^) produces 

 hunger, that of yawning (^^fT;) produces yawning, that of nourish- 

 ing (^T«T55f5n) makes the body stout. Others assert, that the latter 

 five airs are included in the former classes. The five vital airs are 

 produced by the united second qualities of the five elements, and 



Vital case. form together with the acting organs the vital case ; it 

 is produced by parts of the second qualities, because it is living action. 



Among those cases the intelligent case, having the faculty of 

 knowledge, is the ruling, the mental case, having the faculty of desire, 

 is the causal, and the vital case, having the faculty of action, is the 

 performer of works. The divisions of the cases are made according to 



