1845.] Fe'ddnta-Sara, or Essence of the Veddnta. 121 



In that state sound is manifested in the ether, sound and feel- 

 ing in the wind, sound, feeling and colour in the fire, these three 

 with taste in the water, and these four with smell in the earth. 



From these five elements, combined in the said manner, were produc- 

 ed the different Upper Ldkas* (worlds) viz., Bhur-ldka, Bhuvar-ldka, 

 Swar-ldka, Mahar-ldka, Janar-ldka, Tapar-ldka and Satya-ldka, which 

 are placed above the others, then the Nether-lokas,| viz., Atala, Bitala, 

 Sutala, Rasatala, Talatala, Mahatala and Patala, which are placed one 

 beneath the other, farther Bramha's mundane egg, the gross orga- 

 nisms in their fourfold division, contained in that egg, and food, water 

 and other substances. 



Bodies (organic) are either produced from the womb, or from eggs, or 

 from damp, or from germs. Those produced from the womb are 

 born alive, as men, animals, &c. ; from eggs come forth from an egg, as 

 birds, serpents, &c. ; produced from the damp are worms, insects, &c. ; 

 which are born from hot moisture, produced from germs are those 

 which emerge from the earth, as creepers, trees, &c. 



Here also is the gross organism in its fourfold division, by being 

 the object of one or many minds either a totality, like the forest or 

 the ocean, or separated into a plurality of bodies, like the trees and 

 waters. The soul in which this totality is inherent, is called Va- 

 ishwanara, Viraj, on account of its knowing itself as the totality of 

 men, and of its governing the universe. This gross body is here 



* *5n*R* (Loka) world, division of the universe in general, three divisions are 

 enumerated, or heaven, hell and earth ; another classification enumerates seven, 

 exclusive of the infernal regions, or Bhurloka, the earth, Bhuvar-ldka, the space 

 between the earth and the sun, the region of the Munis, Siddhis, &c. Sver-ldka the 

 heaven of Indra, between the sun and the polar-star. Mahar-ldka, the usual abode 

 of Bhrigu and other saints, who are supposed to be co-existent with Brahma. Du- 

 ring the conflagration of the lower worlds, the saints ascend to the next, or Jana- 

 Idka, which is described as the abode of Bramha's sons, Sanaca, Sananda, Sanatana 

 and Sanatacumara ; above this is the fifth world, or the Tapar-ldka, where the dei- 

 ties, called Vairagis reside; the seventh world, Satya-ldka, or Bramha-ldka is the 

 abode of Bramha, and translation to this world exempts beings from farther birth • 

 the three-first world are destroyed at the end of each calpa or day of Bramha ; the 

 three last at the end of his life, or 100 of his years ; the fourth Ldca is equally per- 

 manent, but it is uninhabitable from heat at the time the three first are burning. 

 Wils. Sansc. Diet. 



f Internal regions, in which various evil beings have their abodes. 



