J 845.] Notes on the South Mahratta Country, fyc. 271 



The boiling point of water at the Sungum was 200.3. Temperature 

 of air at the time of observation 80°. 



On the S. bank of the Gutpurba are some low hills running E. S. E. 

 The only one which was examined proved to be a breccia, overlying 

 the light blue and buff limestone, composed of a dark red or liver 

 brown clay, highly indurated, and passing into jasper imbedding an- 

 gular fragments of the siliceous portions of the subjacent limestone, 

 chert, quartz, &c. The angular fragments of chert are often so small 

 as to give this breccia the appearance of a porphyry, for which some por- 

 tions of the rock might at first sight be mistaken, and a bed of really 

 aqueous origin confounded with a plutonic rock — an error which has 

 happened. 



Proceeding westerly from the limits of the hypogene schists, the 

 imbedded fragments in this breccia become larger, and the conglome- 

 rate character cannot be mistaken. It is evident, from the gradually 

 increasing size of the pebbles, that the rock whence they were derived 

 is neared as we advance west, and that the current which deposited 

 these beds of sand and pebbles must have had an easterly direction. 



This inference proved correct ; and the limestone was found in 

 situ at a short distance west from the hills, on the S. bank of the 

 Gutpurba, in broken-up and dislocated strata; some of the lime- 

 stone slabs had been furrowed as if by the action of pebbles passing 

 along them in an east and west direction. Dark veins of chert projected 

 every where from the water- worn blocks and slabs of this limestone, 

 many of which are thickly encrusted with depositions of a ferru- 

 ginous kunker which abounds. The limestone often abounds so much 

 in silex, and is so indurated as to give fire with steel, and hardly effer- 

 vesces with acids, save in a pulverized state. Marks of aqueous abrasion 

 and plutonic disturbance which preceded the formation of the breccia 

 are very apparent in this locality. 



Sitadonga hills. A plain almost covered with regur extends from 

 these low hills of breccia to the Sitadonga range, which abutting on 

 and confining the Gutpurba on the north, run down to Badami and 

 Gujunderghur on the south. The hills at this point consist of sand- 

 stone and conglomerates, the latter usually the lowest in position, both 

 partially capped by a lateri tic conglomerate which, in many places, has 

 evidently been stripped off by denudation. The conglomerates are 



2q 



