398 Notes on the Religion of the Sikhs. [No. 162. 



the death of his son, Baba Tegh Singh, which took place at his resi- 

 dence at Unnah. 



At Daoon, there is the shrine of Baba Jwahar Singh Sodee. 



At Gadgunga, there is the shrine of Uhadah Singh Sodee. 



At Gadwal is the shrine of Guroo Ram Raee, where he died. 



The offerings of these shrines are taken by the people who read the 

 Grunth there, and offer prayers for the donors. 



Notes, principally Geological, across the Peninsula of Southern In- 

 dia from Kistapatam, Lat. 14° 17' at the Embouchure of the 

 Coileyroo River, on the Eastern Coast, to Honaroer, Lat. 14° 16' 

 on the Western Coast, comprising a visit to the Falls ofGairsuppa. 

 By Captain Newbold, F.R.S., M. N. I. Assistant Commissioner 

 Kurnool, Madras Territory. 



Kistapatam. Kistapatam is the port of Nellore, from which it lies 

 about 15 miles S. E. It is situated on the Coromandel Coast a short 

 distance from the sea, and at little more than two miles North of the 

 mouth of the Coileyroo or Condaleyroo river, in about Lat. 14° 17'. N. 

 It stands at the edge of a low sandy flat which, though now dry and 

 exposed, appears during the monsoon to be overflowed by the river 

 freshes, and probably once formed a back-water or lagoon com- 

 municating with the sea to theN. near Toolypaliam, and with the em- 

 bouchure of the river near another Toolypaliam to the South. Sea salt 

 is here manufactured. The physical aspect of the adjacent country is 

 that of a flat, sandy, maritime plain, broken near the sea by an irregu- 

 lar line, following the indentations of the Coast, of low dunes of fine 

 sand, by which the travellers' bungalow on the S. bank of the river 

 is surrounded. The sand a little N. of this abounds in granules of 

 magnetic iron, some of which appear to be titaniferous. The under- 

 stratum of the sand observed here, and in some wells a few miles to 

 the South of the river proved to be greenish or bluish black clay, or 

 tertiary clay of Coromandel, with pelagic shells similar to that under- 

 lying Madras, Pondicherry, and the alluvial plain of Masulipatam. 



Marine Sand Dunes. The sand dunes near the river had a S. W. 

 direction, and rose about 50 feet above its bed. The ripple marks 



