1845.] of the Indo- Scythians. 433 



that overthrew the Bactrian Greek kingdom. ZA90C, I suppose to be 

 only the Greek rendering of the Zend khshalhra, king, of which we pos- 

 sess no less than four other readings, namely : Hvarpijc, avaprrjq, 

 Haorrjc? and Ha0prje J the last of which is almost the same as the 

 ZA90E of our coins. The Kuei-shang tribe occupied a city to the south 

 of So-mo-ki-an, or Samarkand, called Kuei-shwang-na, which name is 

 still preserved in the modern Kesh, the birth-place of Timur. It is 

 called Kashaniyah by Abulfeda. 



- Another tribe of the Great Yuchi were the Shwang-mi, who occupied 

 the country called Shang-mi to the south of Wakhan and of the Great 

 Mountains, which must be the modern Chitral and Mastuj. 



A third tribe, the Hieu-mi, occupied the country on the Upper Oxus, 

 or Wakhan. They gave their name to their capital, which was called 

 Ho- me; and from them, I believe, the river Oxus to have taken its name 

 of Amu, because it rose in the country of the Hieu-mi. The Shakh 

 river gave its name to Shakhnan, and the Waksh or Wakh river gave 

 its name to Wakhan. Waksh, or Oksh (j£^j must have been the name 

 from which the Greeks made Oxus. 



The Hieu-mi tribe had at least one powerful monarch in the second 

 Kadphises, who is called 00 HMO on all his coins ; a name which the 

 French Savans MM, R. Rochette and Jacquet curiously divided, giving 

 one-half to Kadphises, whom they called Mokadphises, and leaving the 

 other half to stand upon its own responsibility. 



The character which I have read as tu or to occurs in the legend of the 

 coins of this Kadphises, which I read somewhat differently from Mr. 

 Prinsep, he having been misled by giving an erroneous value to the letter 

 g* which he read as ph. The whole legend, according to my alphabet, 

 is, * Maharajasa Rajadirajasa SabatugahuSurasa Mahi-Surasa HimaKa- 



* It is now nearly four years since I corrected this error from the legends of the 

 coins of Gondophares, and his nephew Abdagases. On the coins of the latter the Greek 



legend is BA2IA YA2IA YNAI^EPlil AAEA$IAEW2,andthe 



native legend is "Maharajasa tadarasa Abdagasasa Gondophara bhata-putasa," 

 " (Coin) of the great King, the preserver, Abdagases, Gondophara's-brother's-son." 

 Here we have bhata-puta, the literal translation of the Greek A AEA<PlAELU2. 

 The Kashmiris still say Bhai-putr. The letter g occurs also in the native transcript 

 of the Greek ILrparriyoQ which is rendered in Pali Thategasa. The whole legend 

 is " Aspavatisa Thategasa jayatasa Indavatiputasa," " (Coin) of the General Aspa- 

 bates, the victorious, the son of Indrabates." Aspabates was the General of Azus. His 

 coins are found in the Western Panjab. 



3o 



