1848.] through Afghanistan and India. 25 



Thence to the N. E. at 500 li (83 miles) to 



No. 54 — Sa-tha-ni-she-fa-lo. (This is undoubtedly the celebrated 

 Sthaneswara or Tkanesar, to the N. W. of Delhi. I believe it to be 

 Ptolemy's Batan-kaisara, for which I propose to read Satan-aisara. It 

 is now known as the Kuru-kshetra or " battle-field of the Kurus." The 

 recorded bearing should have been N. W. instead of N. E. and the 

 distance should have been somewhat greater.) 



Thence to the N. E. at 400 li (66 miles) to 



No. 55 — Su-lu-kin-na, bounded to the E. by the Ganges, and to 

 the N. by great mountains. To the E. of the capital is the river Yan- 

 meu-na (Yamuna or Jamna, — Landresse) which flows through the king- 

 dom. To the E. of the capital and to the W. of the Jamna was a 

 Stupa built by Asoka. (This place would appear to be Sulora or Sa- 

 dhaora, under the Siwalik hills to the westward of the Jamna, from 

 whence Feroz Shah removed the well known pillar, now called Feroz 

 Shah's lat, which bears an inscription of king Asoka.) 



Across the river on the E. bank was 



No. 56 — Mo-ti-pu-lo, the king of which was of the race of Shu- 

 to-lo (or Sudra). To the S. of the great town, at 4 or 5 li (about 

 three quarters of a mile) stood the monastery of the patriarch Kia-nu- 

 po-la-pho, "lumierede vertu," (in Sanskrit Guna-prabha) ; near which, 

 was the monastery ofPi-MO-LO-Mi-TO-LO, " ami sans tache," (in Sanskrit 

 Vimala-mitra.) Mo-ti-pu-lo would appear to be a literal transcript 

 of Motipura, a very common name in India. From the position indicated 

 by Hwan Thsang this place must have been situated at or near the 

 modern Behat y where Major Cautley excavated coins and relics of an 

 ancient city at a depth of 1 7 feet below the present surface level of the 

 country. The coins discovered there range from perhaps 200 B. C. to 

 400 or 500 A. D. 



To the N. W. of this country, and on the E. bank of the Ganges, 

 was the town of Mo-iu-lo (Manila) where rock crystal was found. It 

 possessed a Brahmanical temple and a holy reservoir on the Ganges, 

 which the Indians called "la porte du Gange," (evidently Haridwara or 

 Vishnu's portal, which is also called Ganga-dwdra, or "Ganges portal/ 

 The mention that there was but one solitary Brahmanical temple at this 

 now priest-swarming place in A. D. G29 — 045, is highly interesting, 

 1 believe that Ibtridwdra is a comparatively modern name; — as in the 



E 



