[848.1 through Afghanistan and India. 29 



Thence to the S. E. at 500 li (83 miles) to 



No. (J9 — Kiei-pi-lo-fa-su-tu, Kapila-vastu, Landresse. (The po- 

 sition of this celebrated city has puzzled every commentator ; and yet, 

 as the honored birth place of Sakya Sinha, it ought to be one of the 

 best known places in India. The bearing and distance point to Jaun- 

 pur, an ancient city possessing many Buddhist buildings, one of which, 

 the TJttdla Vihdra, still exists as the Atdla Masjid, the cloistered 

 stories of the Buddhistical building having been left untouched by the 

 idol breaking Musalmans. This identification also agrees with the posi- 

 tion assigned to Kapila by Fa-Hian, who places it at somewhat more 

 than 12 yojans, or 84 miles, to the S. E. of She-wei ; or only 3 miles 

 more than Hwan Thsang's distance, their bearings being the same. But 

 in addition to the agreement of both of these authorities, I will adduce 

 the name of the place itself, as a conclusive proof of the accuracy of my 

 identification. The present name of Jonapura was, we know, given to 

 the city by Feroz Shah in honor either of his cousin Jona, or of his 

 grandfather Fakhr-ud-din Jona. This was only a slight alteration of 

 the ancient name of Janampura or Janpura " nativity city," a name 

 by which the "birth place" of the holy Sakya was probably more widely 

 known than by the book-name of Kapila. This identification also agrees 

 with the statements of other Chinese authors, quoted by Klaproth, that 

 Kapila was to the N. of Benares. Ma-twan-lin gives 1480 li (247 

 miles) as the distance, which would carry us to the loftiest peaks of the 

 Himalayas. There must therefore be some mistake in his distance.) 



No. 70 — Lan-mo, Ramapura, Landresse. (According to Fa-Hian 

 this place was situated at 5 yojans, or 35 miles, to the E. of Kapila 

 almost in the exact position of Bhitari, an ancient town, which still pos- 

 sesses an inscribed pillar of the Gupta family of about A. D. 430, just 

 two centuries earlier than Hwan Thsang's visit. The Chinese syllables 

 are considered by Klaproth and others to be a transcript of Rama : but 

 as we find Ma-u-lan used for Maharana, perhaps Lan-mo may repre- 

 sent Rana.* Now the ruins of Bhitari are all ascribed to a nameless 



* Rdmagrdma is no doubt the original of Lan mo; — in Pali, Ramagamo, in Siamese, 

 Ramakham. It was one of the eight cities or kingdoms among which the reliques (sarira) 

 of Buddha were originally distributed, and the only one from which these were not re- 

 moved to Rajagriha. Read in connection with Fa hian's account of Lan mo, the 

 31st chapter of the Mahavanso which leaves no room to doubt this identification. It is 

 there stated to have been on the banks of the Ganges, — a name frequently applied to 

 any considerable affluent of that river. But without doing great violence to the bearings 

 and distances of Fa hian, Lan mo cannot be identified with Bhetari which is at least 40 

 miles too far south to correspond with the subsequent route of that traveller to Vaisuli. 

 Moreover Lan mo, as well as Kapilavastu, was situated westerly from Kusinagura, which 

 Capt. C. identifies with Kusia on the high betwixt Bettiah and Gorakpur.— Eos. 



