42 Verification of the Itinerary of Hwdn Thsang [July, 



From San-ma-tha-tho to the W. at 900 li (150 miles) to 



No. 84 — Tan-ma-li-ti, or Tamralipti, Landresse : 1400 or 1500 li 

 (233 to 250 miles) in extent. The capital, situated on the sea-shore, 

 enjoys much commerce both by land and water. Near it is a Stupa 

 built by Asoka. (The identification of M. Landresse is certainly cor- 

 rect ; as both bearing and distance point to Tamluk, which is the modern 

 representative of Tamralipti.) 



Thence to the N. W. at 700 li (117 miles) to 



No. 85— Ko-lo-nu-su-fa-la-na, from 4400 to 4500 li (733 to 750 

 miles) in extent. Near the town was the monastery of Lo-to-wei-chi, 

 (f argile ronge" (in Sanskrit rakta, or in Hindi rata, red, and achdla, 

 earth :) not far from which was a Stupa built by Asoka. (The Chinese 

 syllables appear to represent either the Sanskrit Karana-suvarna, " the 

 golden field," or Kama-suvarna, "the golden ear." The bearing and 

 distance point to the districts of Pachet and Birbhum on the Damuda 

 river, where Ptolemy places his Sabarce, in which name we probably 

 have the Suva?'?ia of Hwan Thsang.) 



Thence to the S. W. at 700 li (117 miles) to 



No. 86 — U-cha, 7000 li (1167 miles) in extent. Stupas built by 

 Asoka. On its south-eastern boundary and on the sea-shore was the 

 town of Che-li-ta-lo (in Sanskrit Jalasthala, the present Jaleswara 

 or Jalesar) much frequented by maritime merchants. (The bearing 

 and distance point to the districts of Midnapur and Singhbhum on the 

 Sabanrika river, which have the town of Jaleswara to the S. E. as 

 described by Hwan Thsang. Perhaps the ancient name of the district 

 is preserved in Echagarh on the Sanbanrika river, 120 miles to the N. 

 W. of Jalesar. 



To the S. at 20,000 li (3,333 miles) was the kingdom of Seng-kia- 

 lo, where was the tooth of Foe, &c. (This is the Island of Ceylon or 

 Sinhala-dwipa, which still possesses an elephant's grinder, that is 

 devoutly believed to be the tooth of Buddha. The distance is much 

 exaggerated even by the longest land route. 



From U-cha through a forest to the S. W. at 1200 li (200 

 miles) to 



No. 87 — Kung-iu-tho, 1000 li (167 miles) in extent. The capital 

 is situated on a steep part of the sea-shore. Language, peculiar : reli- 

 gion, not Buddhistical. Ten small towns. The bearing and distance 



