50 Verification of the Itinerary of Hwa7i Thsang. [July, 



No. 110. — Meu-lo-san-pu-lo, 4000 li (667 miles) in extent. Nu- 

 merous worshippers of the Gods : but few Buddhists. (There can be 

 no doubt that the Chinese syllables represent Mallisthanpura, or Mai- 

 th&npur, now Multdn. The bearing should therefore have been N. E. 

 and not E. The distance also is too little.) 



Thence to the N. E. at 700 li (117 miles) to 



No. 111. — Po-fa-to, 5000 li (833 miles in extent.) Four stupas of 

 Asoka and twenty temples of heretics. (Judging from the bearing and 

 distance the Chinese syllables may possibly be intended to represent 

 Pak-patan, an old place also called Ajudhan, and which is perhaps the 

 Ardone of Ptolemy. This identification is however only a guess ; for both 

 Harapa and Chichawatin agree equally well with the position indicated, 

 and as the Chinese syllables Fa-to most probably represent the Sans- 

 krit Vati, perhaps Chichawatin may be the true position.) 



From Sin-tu to the S. W. at 1500 or 1600 li (250 to 267 miles) to 



No. 112 — A-thian-pho-shi-lo, 5000 li (833 miles) in extent. 

 The walls of the capital, which is called Ko-chi-she-fa-lo (or Kach- 

 cheswara) are close to the river Sin-tu (or Indus), and also not far 

 from the shore of the Great Sea. Without a king, being a dependency 

 of Sind. Here Asoka built six Stupas. The recorded distance points 

 to the modern peninsula of Kachh, of which Kotasir is one of the prin- 

 cipal towns. Its position agrees exactly with that given by Hwan 

 Thsang, and the modern name is perhaps only a slight corruption of the 

 ancient one, although a different meaning is now attached to it. The 

 name of the district would appear to be Adhipasila ; the " king's 

 mountain/' or the "king's rock." I have a suspicion that the two 

 names have been interchanged : Kachcheswara being the proper name 

 of the country, and the original of Kachchha or Kachh, of the present 

 day. 



Thence to the N. at less than 2000 li (about 330 miles) to 



No. 113 — Lang-ko-lo, in Western India: many thousands of li on 

 every side. The capital is called Su-tu-li-she-fa-lo. This country 

 is on the shore of the Great Sea. It has no king, being a dependency 

 of Persia. The alphabetic characters are like those of the Indians, but 

 the language is somewhat different. In the town is a temple of Mdhe- 

 swara. (The bearing and distance both point to the island of Astola y 

 the Asthdla of Ptolemy, and the Thar a of Edrisi. This name is easily 



