1 1 o' Narrative of a Journey to Cho La.gan y fyc, [July, 



more temperate climate. Kham is a country of great extent, north and 

 east of Lhassa ; the present Zungpun of Pruang is a Khampa (a man of 

 Kham) from some place 20 days north of the capital, south of Digar- 

 cha, and Lhassa is the country of Lho, the people (Lhopa or Lhoba) 

 Buddhist Bhotias, of Tibetan character, ruled by their own Lamas. This 

 is the country, which, after the Hindus, we call Bootan, Bhutan, the 

 country of the Daeb or Deb Baja, or the Deba Dharmma, the same 

 visited and described by Turner, who unaccountably omits to give the 

 proper name of it. " Lulumba," as Kishen Kant Bhose has it, 

 Asiatic Researches, 1825, Vol. 15, Art. Ill, is merely " Lho-lungba," 

 i. e. " the country of Lho, and the " Lobath" mentioned in Soopoon 

 Choomboo's letter to Warren Hastings, 16th November 1781. Tur- 

 ner, Appendix III. is probably a corruption of the same by the Persian 

 translator. The " Kumbauk" there mentioned along with "Lobah," 

 and alluded to by the same name, in other parts of Turner's account, 

 is also, in my opinion, a similar confusion of the country, " Kam" 

 with its inhabitants, " Kham-pa (the latter corrupted to " Kumbak.) 



By the valley of the Karnali, there are no great snowy ridges to be 

 crossed between Humla and Pruang ; so that the route is much easier 

 and practicable, longer than the other in the range of the Nepalese and 

 British Himalaya ; nevertheless, in the height of winter the Humla 

 Pass gets snowed up and becomes difficult or dangerous. 



Descending from Tala-Kawa, the Kunti road crosses the Kali, the 

 smaller branch of the river from the N. East, by a small Sanga 150 

 yards above its confluence with the Kunti- Yankti, which is the larger 

 branch from the north-west. The Kali at this point has a bed 150 

 yards wide, but contracting into much narrower limits a mile further 

 up, and the stream is now all but fordable, though in the height of the 

 rains it swells so much as to carry away the bridge here, and the road 

 then has to cross higher up. The Kunti- Yankti is a third larger than 

 the Kali, both in size of channel and volume of water, and nearly four 

 times the length from source to confluence ; notwithstanding which 

 the eastern and smaller branch has given its name to the united river. 

 The name of the Kali is said to be derived from the Kalapani springs, 

 erroneously reputed the source of the river, but in fact unimpor- 

 tant tributaries merely ; and both are so called from the dark color 

 of the water ; but even in this respect the Kali is exceeded by the Kun- 



