260 Essay on the Avian Order of Architecture. [Sept. 



cated to the sun as Marttand, and the smaller one to Siva as Ranapura- 

 swdmi. This view receives further support from the record of the next 

 succeeding verse of the Kaja Tarangini. B. 3. — v. 463. 



which I translate thus : — " Amrita prabha, one of the king's wives erect- 

 ed an Amriteswara close to the south side of Ranesa.'" Here the substitu- 

 tion of Ranesa as a synonyme of Ranapuraswami increases the former 

 probability almost to a certainty that the temple so named must have 

 been dedicated to Siva, as Isa is a title peculiar to that God. 



4. — We have thus the mention of no less than three distinct temples 

 which correspond exactly both in number and position with the existing 

 buildings now known by the general title of Matan or Marttand. To 

 the northward, within 4^ feet of the principal temple, which I assign to 

 Marttand or the Sun, there is a small edifice containing two chambers, 

 which from their shape and dimensions could only have been intended 

 for the reception of linga or emblems of Siva ; and this I suppose to 

 be the fane of Ranapuraswdmi or Ranesa. Again, due south from this, 

 exactly as described by the Kashmirian author, there is a corresponding 

 Saiva building that can only be the temple of Amriteswara. The accu- 

 racy of the description, as well as the names of the different fanes, are 

 thus verified by the relative positions of the existing buildings. These 

 are faithfully represented in Plate XIII. in which the northern detached 

 building or wing must be the temple of Ranesa, and the southern one 

 that of Amriteswara. 



5. — If the correctness of this attribution be admitted, some slight al- 

 teration must be made in the translation of the first quoted couplet of 

 the Raja Tarangini, which might I think be rendered with almost equal 

 accuracy as follows : " He, in the village of Sinharotsika, erected (a tem- 

 ple) named Ranapuraswami, near (that) of the famous all-pervading Sun." 

 All difficulties are thus removed by this slight change, which has every 

 probability in its favour, although perhaps not strictly allowable. 



6. — The period of Ranaditya's reign must next be determined. Ac- 

 cording to the native historians, * he was the most powerful Prince of 

 the line of Gonerda, and equal to Rama amongst the race of Raghu. 

 * Raja Tarangini, B. 3— v. 473. 



