264 Essay on the Avian Order of Architecture. [Sept. 



and the cella of the Romans, is 18 feet by 3^ feet. The first is open 

 and highly decorated, in accordance with its name, mandapa, meaning 

 literally " the ornamented.' ' The middle chamber is likewise decorated 

 in the same style : but the inner chamber is perfectly plain and closed 

 on three sides. The walls of the temple itself are 9 feet thick, and its 

 entrance chamber only 4^ feet thick, being respectively one-half and 

 one-fourth of the interior width of the building. 



12. — On each side of the porch or arddha-mandapa, flush with the 

 entrance wall to the westward, and with the outer walls of the temple, 

 or garbha-griha, to the northward and southward is a detached building 

 or wing, 18 feet long by 13^ feet broad, with a passage \\ feet wide 

 between it and the wall of the entrance chamber. These wings, called 

 paksha, correspond in some degree with the Trrepw/iara of the Greeks. 

 It is true that the latter were attached colonnades, while the former were 

 distinct buildings. But as both were attached to the main edifice by a 

 roof supported upon architraves, there is much similarity between them. 

 That such was the case with the wings of Marttand I feel confident ; 

 for the width of the passage between the paksha and the arddhaman- 

 dapa being exactly one-third of that of the wing itself, the roof which 

 covered the two would have been an exact square, which is the very 

 form required as the basis of the pyramidal roof of the Kashmirian 

 architecture. I am happy to be able to quote the opinion of so sensible 

 and accurate an observer as Moorcroft* in favor of my views. His 

 words are, " Opposite to these extremities also were the two wings or 

 chambers, connected formerly by a colonnade with the centre." As 

 my opinion was adopted some months before I was aware that Moor- 

 croft had formed the same, the coincidence of our independent conclusions 

 may perhaps be considered as the next thing to positive proof. 



13. — Vignef also would appear to have come to a somewhat similar 

 conclusion, for he gives an opinion that these wings were joined " by a 

 flying buttress to the upper part of the central building ; particularly as 

 the remains of part of an entablature projecting from the top of the left 

 wing towards the centre building would seem to countenance such an 

 opinion." The existence of this piece of the entablature, which en- 

 tirely escaped my observation, most satisfactorily proves the correctness 



* Travels, \\ 2— pp. 255, 256. 

 f Kashmir, v. 1-p. 391. 



