1848.] Essay on the Avian Order of Architecture. 283 



contrary, have been saved, while scarcely a trace now remains of their 

 surrounding walls. 



Temple of Sankara-gaureswara. 



This temple is similar in plan, and in internal arrangement to the 

 former ; hut the porticos, like those of Avantiswami, have only one 

 foot of projection beyond the walls of the building. The entrance is 

 to the eastward ; and leads to an inner chamber, 1 7 feet square, which 

 is quite plain, as in the Marttand example, and as in other Kashmirian 

 temples. The side walls of the entrance are, however, decorated by very 

 elegant niches containing statues after the fashion of the Marttand 

 entrance. Each of the side porches opens into a chambered recess, 

 8| feet long by 5 feet broad. These are now empty, but no doubt they 

 once held ling a. The porticos are of the same style as those of Mart- 

 tand, with pediments of high pitch covering tref oiled arches. 



2. — The walls are still standing, although much injured. It will be 

 sufficient, however, to state, that this temple is very like Marttand, both 

 in its style and in its present state of preservation. In size also it is 

 much like the back view of Marttand, but somewhat smaller. The 

 ground-plan is a square of 33^ feet, which, if the usual proportion was 

 observed, would give a height of 67 feet for the top of the pyramidal 

 roof above the ground. 



3. — I could not discover any traces of a surrounding wall, although 

 I have no doubt that one formerly existed, as my examination of the 

 precincts of the temple was cut short by a heavy and continued fall of 

 snow, which obliged me to leave the place. 



IX. — Temple at P&ndrethdn. 

 1. — The Pandrethan temple is situated \\ mile to the S. E. of the 

 Takht-i-Suliman. The name is a corruption of Purdnadhisthdna, and 

 means simply "the old capital," which, we know, was situated on this 

 side of the Takht. For the Chinese Pilgrim, Hwan Thsang, particularly 

 notices, that the old town stood at 10 li (or If mile) to the S. E. of the 

 new town. Now the present city of Srinagar was built by Pravarasena, 

 who reigned from A. D. 432 to 464 : it was, therefore, a new town at 

 the period of Hwan Thsang's visit, between the years 629-642 A. D. 

 There are but few ruins now existing on the site of the old town, but 



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