1848.] Essay on the Arian Order of Architecture. 321 



I suspect however that the height was determined from the interco- 

 lumniation, and that the latter was altogether dependent upon the 

 number of pillars, or of recesses, which the architect was obliged to 

 introduce within the limits of each side of the quadrangle. 



2. — The Sanskrit name for an intercolumniation is antarastambha y 

 ^?WT^PW, or antarapdda, ^^TT^TT^;, both of which are exactly equiva- 

 lent to the Greek pc<roffrv\iov ti or "between-pillars." 



XXXVI . — Pilasters. 

 1. — Pilasters, or kudya-stambha, fT^PW, "wall-pillars" as they are 

 aptly called by the Hindus, are used in all the ancient buildings of 

 Kashmir. They have the same three divisions of base, shaft, and capi- 

 tal, which distinguish the pillars of Kashmir from those of India 

 generally. They have also the same proportions and the same mould- 

 ings of base and capital, and differ only in the decorations of their shafts. 

 The earliest examples in the cave temple of Bhaumajo, have a plain 

 simple panel upon the shaft. Those of the Payach and Pandrethan 

 temples are quite plain, while those of the great temple of Marttand, 

 Avantipura and Pathan are divided into several panels, each decorated 

 with a miniature relievo of the Arian temple. 



XXXVII. — Isolated pillars. 

 1. — Column at Srinagar. 

 1. — On the outside of the JamaMasjid, in the city of Srinagar, there 

 is a small isolated pillar, which has not to my knowledge been noticed 

 by any former traveller. Its top is crowned by a nearly perfect little 

 temple with a roof of four stories, which alone is sufficient to render it 

 one of the most interesting remains of the Kashmirian architecture. 

 The base is nearly all hidden beneath the ground ; but it was most 

 probably a plain cubic block like that of the Avantipura pillar. Its 

 shaft has sixteen sides, and its capital is similar to those of Marttand, 

 but somewhat plainer and more massive. The little temple which 

 crowns its summit is invaluable for the illustration of the Kashmirian 

 style of sacred edifice, as it offers the only existing specimen of a four- 

 storied roof — and of porch-pediment divided into two distinct portions, 

 of which the upper half overlaps the under one. The same style of 



2 Y 



