1848.] Narrative of a Journey to Cho Lagan, fyc. 547 



place of considerable religious resort ; these all belong to the Lhoba 

 Lama of Toklakhar and Khajarh, who is perhaps subordinate to the 

 great Lhoba Lama of Dindi (vulgo Gangri.) The latter is superior of 

 all the Gumba about Gangri and Mapan, his own monastic residence 

 being Dindi, in the ravine under the west side of Kailas. 



These Lhoba Lamas are, strange to say, (as imported by their title,) 

 natives of Lho (the Indian Bootan, and a fresh relief of them comes 

 all the way from that country every third year ; formerly, says Debu, 

 persons of respectability, but of late, unaccountably, grown "snob- 

 bish," as though the church were on the decline in Lho. 



The Lhassan Government have no other military force in the pro- 

 vince of Gnari than a Militia of the country people, in the extremity 

 of disorder and undiscipline ; and this even has become very much 

 neglected since the fear of the Sikh invasion died away ; at best it is 

 represented to be a most unwarlike rabble, utterly useless against an 

 organized enemy. Magh or Makh is the generic name for this army : 

 Makhmi soldiers ; and hence the title Makhpan, originally military 

 chiefs, now peaceful villagers. Formerly three Regiments (also Makh) 

 of 500 men each, used to muster at Gartokh, styled the Igru, Kungru 

 and Indu; these are now merged into a single Makh, nominally of 500 

 men, but rarely mustering the fall compliment. The Makh is assem- 

 bled for two or three summer months during the Gartokh fairs and 

 drilled by a Gyakkpun, (centurion :) the men get no pay, subsist, arm, 

 and accouter themselves, and at the end of the exercising season are 

 dismissed to their houses with — a fine of 3 Rupees each for their bad 

 performance ! 



This is an extreme case of rare occurrence it is to be hoped. Bhau- 

 na, when late in Pruang, found the soldiery better treated. The quasi- 

 garrison of Taklakhar had been recently discharged, as no longer 

 required in these pacific times, and each man, who had served for the 

 last three years, of course subsisting himself all the while, received six 

 rupees, sum total of his pay for the whole period. 



Such are the Chinese Cavalry and Infantry, who repulsed Captain 

 Gerard's invasion of Tartary. 



In Gnari there are four chief Kanbu or Kambu, i. e. Bishops ? or 

 Abbots ? of the Gelukpa sect ? viz. at 



1. Rudukh. 



3 a 2 



