1848.] and on its Coal and other Minerals. 513 



not appear so good as that of Keurali, being very brittle and containing 

 a quantity of earthy matter. The dip of the strata is here to the N. at 

 an angle of 35° to 40°. Above the shales is seen the yellow marl and 

 then a bold escarpment of nummulite limestone, on reaching the top of 

 which the village of Ruttipind is seen in a valley on the northern de- 

 clivity of the range. 



Dundhote Coal. — This seam is only about 2 feet thick, occurs in a 

 similar position and is of much the same quality as the last. The only 

 access to the locality is by a footpath very difficult to ascend, and 

 above the coal seam the nummulite limestone with flints rises to the 

 top of the range on which the Fort of Dundhote is built. 



Mukrass Coal. — Coal also was found at this locality by some of 

 Misser Rulla Ram's men, who brought me specimens, on my return from 

 the Indus. It is of inferior quality, but evidently part of the same 

 seam as noticed above. 



With the exception of Baghanawalla the localities mentioned are in- 

 cluded in a circle of 4 or 5 miles, in the neighbourhood of Pind Dadun 

 Khan, and though these were all we had an opportunity of examining, 

 yet doubtless at numerous other points both E. and W. the same seam 

 will be found to crop out if due search be made. 



Noorpoor or Nilawan Coal. — We are satisfied on this point, as at 

 Noorpoor, 1 5 miles west of Pind Dadun Khan, we found a coal of a 

 character identical with what occurs to the eastward. It is to be seen 

 above the Nilawan salt mines, in two small 8 inch seams, included in 

 shales on which a steep escarpment of the nummulite limestone rests at 

 least 150 feet high. The coal seam dips to the N. W. at an angle of 

 from 25° to 30°. 



Numbhul or Bukkh Coal. — Between Noorpoor and the Indus only 

 one locality came to our notice, where coal occurs. This was in the 

 neighbourhood of Musakhail, about 3 miles from Numbhul, at a place 

 called Bukkh. The position of the coal appears identical with that to 

 the E. being included in shales beneath the nummulite limestone form- 

 ing the ridge of the range. It is best seen in a deep ravine formed by 

 a stream which escapes from the hills into the plain near Musakhail, 

 presents a charred appearance, and patches of it occur in a calcareous 

 white sandstone which is in relation with the shales at their inferior 

 part. This appearance is no doubt the result of the shales charged 



