1848.] Route from Kdthmdndu to Darjeling. 635 



3rd Stage to Jhdngd jholi, South East, 6^ cos. 



This stage runs along the same ridge of Batasia. But it is here called 

 Tennal. Half a cos to the hill village of Bohatia, and another half 

 cos to that of Gimti, both inhabited by Murmis. Thence \ cos to 

 Pokri, another similar village of Murmis. Thence to Chapa Khar, 

 about f cos, a fourth Murmi village. Thence to Garcha, another ham- 

 let of Murmis, distant from the last rather less than 2 cos ; \ cos more 

 brings one to the descent into the Biasi or vale of Diimja, on the banks 

 of the Rosi and Sun Cosi. The Biasi is low, hot and malarious, but 

 fertile in rice, triangular in shape, and about a mile in greatest width. 

 The Bar, Pipal, Semal and Khair trees* grow here, and large Dhaneses 

 (Buceros Homrai) are seen eating the fruit of the Pipal. The Siin 

 Cosi at Dumja flows freely over a wide bed of sand, and is about 40 

 yards broad and one foot deep. This river, if the Milan chi be regarded 

 as its remotest feeder — arises from the eastern side of Gosainthan, the 

 great snowy peak overlooking the valley of Nepal, and is the first of 

 the " seven Cosi" (sapt Cosi) of the Nepalese. Others contend that the 

 true Sun Cosi is that which arises at Kalingchok east of Kuti.f There 

 are several upper feeders of the Sun Cosi which form a delta, of per- 

 haps 30 cos either way, between Milanchi, Kalingchok and Dallalghat, 

 where the feeders are all united. From Dumja, which lies a little below 

 Dallalghat, proceed along the right bank of the river Sun Cosi to Jhan- 

 ga-jholi, by the rugged glen of the river 2 cos, the road impeded by 

 huge masses of rock lying half in the water. 



4th Stage to Sital-pdti, East, 4 cos. 



Leaving the river on the left you ascend the ridge of Sidhak and 

 travel along its side, far from the top, to the village of Dharma, inha- 

 bited by Murmis. It is 1^- cos from Jhanga-jholi. Thence half cos to 

 Jhampar, a village of Murmis. Thence descending again to the bed of 

 the Sun Cosi you proceed along the right bank for one cos to Chayanpiir- 

 phedi, or the base of the Chayanpur range. Thence an ascent of one 

 cos to the top of Chayanpur where stands the Powa or small Dharam- 

 sala of Sital-pati, the halting place, and which is close to the village of 

 Choupur. 



* The occurrence of the Indian figs, cotton tree, and acacia, so far within the 

 mountains, shows that the Biasis, wherever situated, have a tropical climate. See on, 



f See annexed Memorandum and sketch Map. 



