Local series beginning from the 

 ^West. 



1848.] Memorandum relative to the seven Costs of Nepal. 647 



courses, or their effect on the physiognomy of the country, the enumer- 

 ation ought seemingly to be as follows : — 



1st. The Milamchi. 



2nd. The Bhotia Cosi. 



3rd. The Tamba Cosi. 



4th. The Likhii Cosi. 



5th. The Dud Cosi. 



6th. TheArun. 



7th. The Tamdr. 



This list omits the Barun of the usual enumeration, and substitutes 

 the Bhotia Cosi for the Sun Cosi : and not without Nepalese authority 

 for both changes, for it is very generally allowed that the Barun hardly 

 belongs to the Sub-Himalayas, and that Sun Cosi is rather the name of 

 the general receptacle of the Cosis till joined by the Arun, than that of 

 a separate Cosi. The following remarks on each river will make this 

 apparent. 



1st. The Milamchi rises above the Bhotia village of that name, and 

 at or near to the eastern base of Gosainthan, the great snowy peak 

 overlooking the valley of Nepal. From the snows the Milamchi has a 

 south-eastern course of probably 60 miles to Dallal ghat. It is joined 

 from the west by the Sindhu, the Tand, and the Chak, and from the 

 north and north-east by the Indravati, the Balamphi and the Jhari. The 

 three former are petty streams ; but the three latter are considerable 

 ones, one of them rising in the snowy region, and another having two 

 subordinate affluents. The Indravati comes from the Hemachal at 

 Panch pokri and flows nearly due south into the Milamchi below Hel- 

 mii. The Balamphi and Jhari have only sub-Himalayan sources, 

 situated south-east of Panch pokri, but they have longer independent 

 courses than the Indravati before they unite, after which they presently 

 join the Milamchi not far above the confluence of the Chak. The 

 subordinate feeders of the Balamphi above adverted to, are the Boksia 

 and Lipsia. They have short parallel courses W. S. W. into their 

 parent stream. Thus the Milamchi is a notable river, and it is the more 

 so as forming very distinctly the western boundary of the basin of the 

 great Cosi, of which the equally distinct eastern limit is the Timor. 



2nd. The Bhotia Cosi has its sources at Deodhunga, a vast Hima- 

 layan peak situated some 60 or 70 miles east of Gosainthan and a little 



4 Q 



