1849.] On the Physical Geography of the Himalaya. 



779 



indeed, confined to the space between the Kali and the Sutledge ; but 

 the general characteristics of these tracts he affirms to be equally 

 applicable to all the country between the Mechi and the Sutledge ; 

 and Capt. Parish, whilst confirming Herbert's statements, makes them 

 so likewise as far westward as the Beas.* What Capt. Herbert states 

 as holding good from his own personal researches in regard to the 

 western Himalaya (Sutledge to Kali), I can confirm from mine in 

 regard to the Nepalese portion (Kali to Mechi), but with this reserva- 

 tion, that no more in the western than in the Nepalese Himalaya does 

 the sandstone range, with its contained Dhuns, prevail throughout or 

 continuously, but only interruptedly or with intervals ; and thus the 

 Sallyan-mari, the Gongtali-mari, the Chitwan-mari, the Makwanpur- 

 mari and the Bijaypur-mari of Nepal (which are mostly separate) 

 represent with perfect general accuracy the Deyra, Kyarda, Pinjor, 

 Patali and other Dhuns to the westward. The accompanying sectional 

 outline will give a distincter idea than any words could do of the rela- 



The Tarai 



The Bhaver; 



Sandstone range 

 and Dhun 



Level of 





& 



«£ 



Disposition of parts in lower region of Himalaya. 



tions of the several parts of the lower Himalayan region to the plains 

 on the one hand, and to the mountains on the other, according to 

 Capt. Herbert's views. The continuous basal line represents the level 

 of the plains : the dip on the left, the Tarai ; the ascending slope in 

 the centre the Saul forest ; the dip on the right, the Dhuns or Maris. 

 It is thus seen that the Tarai sinks below the level of the plains ; that 

 the forest forms a gradual even ascent above that level ; that the Dhuns 



* J. A. S. Nos. 190 and 202, for April 1848, and 1849. 



5 h 2 



