1078 Catalogue of Malayan Fishes. [Oct, 



Mugil cephalus, Russell CLXXX. Bontah. 

 Mugil cephalus? (Sole bhanggan),Buchan. Ham. p. 219, 381. 

 Bontah, Russell. (Syn. — Mugil our, Forsk.) Cuvier R. A. 



II. p. 232 C). 

 Mugil cephalotus, Cuv. and Val. (Syn.— Mugil oiir, Forskal) 



XI. 110. 

 Russel II. CLXXX. Riippel : Neue Wirbelth. Fisehe, p. 131. 

 Mugil cephalotus, Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. XXII. 5. 

 Jumpul of the Malays. 

 Head above and back lead-coloured tinged with green, lighter silvery 

 on the sides of the head and body as far as the upper margin of the 

 pectoral fins ; all the parts below dull silvery white ; on the sides five 

 to seven parallel, dark grey longitudinal bands ; anterior dorsal fin 

 light bluish grey ; posterior and caudal membrane dark grey, rays 

 lighter ; anal and ventrals white ; pectorals outside white, hemitrans- 

 parent, inside with a large oblique blackish spot on the anterior half. 

 Iris silvery or mother-of-pearl round the pupil; the rest blackish 

 brown. 



D 4—1/8, C/14f, A 3/9, V 1/5, P 17, Br. VI. [Isles. 



Habit. — Sea of Pinang, Malayan Peninsula, Singapore, Lancavy 

 Chusan, Macao, Madeira, Coromandel, Bay of Bengal, 

 Gangetic estuaries, Malabar. 

 Total length : 2 ft. 



The head is much depressed, broad oval, the muzzle being about 

 half the breadth of the occiput. The upper surface is less trans- 

 versely arched than the lower ; both surfaces where they join, form 

 a blunt ridge from behind the eye to the short triangular mem- 

 branous point in which the opercle terminates. The eye is situated 

 in front of the ridge, occupying the third eighth of the head ; its 

 transversal diameter being \ of the length of the head, which is A\ 

 times in the total, or \ of the body, the caudal fin not included. The 

 distance between the eyes across the forehead equals 3f diameters. 

 The vertical diameter of the head between the eyes is about \ of the 

 length : at the occiput it is \. The openings of the nostrils are 

 situated a little above the level of the orbit, along the superior margin 

 of the infraorbital ; the posterior, the larger, is transversely oval ; the 

 anterior is circular. The infraorbital bone is broad triangular, with 



