20 GEOLOGY OF THE BLACK HILLS. 



adjutant; Lieut. J. F. Trout, Twenty-third Infantry, quarter master; Lieut. 

 J. G. Burke, Third Cavalry, topographer, and Surgeons Jaquette and Lane ; 

 with two companies of the Ninth Infantry, under Captains Burt and 

 Munson and Lieutenant De Lany; two companies of the Second Cavalry, 

 under Captain Spauldingand Lieutenants Hall, Coale, and Kingsbury; four 

 companies of the Third Cavalry, under Captains Hawley, Russell, and Wes- 

 sells and Lieutenants King, Whitman, Lawson, Foster, and Morton, with a 

 train of 75 wagons. 



This large command, numbering fully 400 men, would seem at first 

 unnecessarily strong for the mere purpose of protecting from Indians those 

 who were pursuing the investigation in the Hills, but the attitude of the 

 Indians on the penetration of this, the most cherished spot of their reserva- 

 tion, could not be foretold, and it was known that they had been not a little 

 agitated by the incursion of General Custer in the previous year and by the 

 subsequent visits and operations of miners. Though no bands of Indians 

 were met during the work, our safety and freedom from their visits were 

 probably due to the well known magnitude and strength of the expedition. 



A great measure of the success of the exploration is due to the hearty 

 co-operation of the various officers of the command, but particularly to the 

 commander, Colonel Dodge, whose unwavering interest and determination 

 to make the work successful, and whose constant assistance and courtesy 

 were especially valuable and grateful during the entire course of the work. 



To Lieutenants Morton and Foster, who were detailed for topographi- 

 cal work, Dr. McGilly cuddy is indebted for assistance in the prosecution of 

 his mapping. 



Reaching the Black Hills on the east fork of the Beaver on the 3d of 

 June, the work of the survey was soon begun, and a permanent camp was 

 established on French Creek near the stockade erected by the miners 

 during the previous winter. In order to pursue the work more rapidly 

 and thoroughly, a division of the party was made as follows: Mr Jenney, 

 with a corps of assistants, assumed more particularly the investigations of 

 the mineral resources of the country, prospecting the gold deposits, &c; 

 while the remainder of the party, Mr. Newton, Dr. McGillycuddy, and Cap- 

 tain Tuttle, continued the topographical and more complete geological study 



