WAEEEN'S EXPEDITION. 11 



as naturalist, with only a pack train, proceeded northward from Fort Lara- 

 mie to the Black Hills. His route passed by Rawhide Butte and down 

 Old Woman's Fork to the South Cheyenne, and thence to Beaver Creek, by 

 the east branch of which he entered the Hills. This is much the same route 

 as that taken by the expedition of 1875, and Lieutenant Warren's camp 

 of September 12 is almost the same as our first camp in the Hills, known 

 as Camp Jenney. From here Lieutenant Warren proceeded northward to 

 Inyan Kara, where he was met by a large force of the Sioux, who were 

 engaged in herding immense numbers of buffaloes in the Red Water Val- 

 ley. His party being small and the Indians opposing their progress they 

 retraced their steps, and passing around the southern end of the Hills 

 struck northward on the east side of Bear Butte. Leaving this on October 

 1st, they traveled down Warren Creek, and thence southeast to the South 

 Cheyenne, near Sage Creek, and, ascending the Cheyenne to near French 

 Creek, crossed over to the White River, meeting Lieutenant McMillan 

 and the rest of the party on the Niobrara. Fort Randall was reached on 

 the 1st of November. The preliminary report of Lieutenant Warren, 

 accompanied by a catalogue of the collections made by Dr. Hayden, was 

 published b}' the War Department in 1858.* 



Owing to the breaking out of the civil war no final report of Lieuten- 

 ant Warren's exploration was ever published, and it is very much to be 

 regretted that the valuable material collected by this and other surveys 

 undertaken in the far west about the same time have never been made 

 public.f 



The results of Dr. Hayden's observations were combined with those 

 subsequently made, and published in papers and places hereafter mentioned. 



This reconnaissance of the outskirts of the Black Hills was made in a 

 most rapid manner and with a small amount of instrumental aid, but it has 



* Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the years 1855, '56, '57. 8 vo., 

 pp. 125, "with map. Engineer Department, 1858. Republished in 1875. 



t A portion of the material to which Mr. Newton refers has recently been published. The War 

 Department has brought out the report of Capt. J. H. Simpson on " Explorations across the Great 

 Basin of the Territory of Utah," with many scientific appendices, and the report of Capt. J. N. Ma- 

 comb's "Exploring Expedition from Santa Fe to the Junction of the Grand and Green Rivers," with a 

 most valuable geological report by Dr. J. S. Newberry ; while an important paper on the " Tribes of 

 Western Washington and Northwestern Oregon," by the late George Gibbs, has appeared in the publi- 

 cations of this survey, " Contributions to North American Ethnology, vol. i." — Ed. 



