98 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



keep their leaves quite green up to the very last, when they 

 become yellow and decay; but Hie leaves of young one 

 year old canes of Ibis variety are exceedingly beautiful 

 Long before they are ripe tbey assume a bright red color, 

 charmingly suffused with yellow; these, like the leaves of 

 the Barbarossa. are very useful and elegant for purposes 

 of decoration. The foliage of Lady Dowries hecomes spot- 

 ted, but not in a pretty way. Gros Colman has very pecu- 

 liar leaves, the edges of which, about mid-summer, become 

 withered up as if scorched by fire or badly attacked with 

 red spider, and by autumn they present a very withered 

 appearance. This is the character of the variety, and 

 when looking worst it is, nevertheless, in perfect health. 

 West's St. Peter's, on the contrary, is a variety worth 

 growing as a climber, on account of the beauty of its foliage 

 alone, which early in autumn becomes bright scarlet, beau- 

 fully veined with green. Barbarossa, Alicante, and West's 

 St. Peter's have all foliage of the most attractive.— The 

 Garden., London. 



Gsbervb and Wobk.— All our clever men, but more 

 particularly gardeners, have attained their knowledge by 

 making good use of their eyes, and closely observing what 

 is going on around them. Knowledge cannot be crammed 

 in by bald dictation . You must teach as Nature teaches, 

 gently, softly, kindly, a little now, a little then, 

 a little here, a little there, ft little this way, a little 

 that way. See how Nature trains her plants in the fields. 

 If you have gone into the corn-field early in the morning, 

 you will doubtless have seen the little drop of dew on the 

 top of each while ear, standing there, and askintr as it were 

 the sun to kiss it, and impart to it some new chemical vir- 

 tue, and having been kissed by the sun, it looks, figura- 

 tively speaking, for a little groove, a little canal, a little 

 fissure in the plant, and runs down that fissure to the root 

 and nourishes it. That takes place every morning, and 

 what is the consequence? Why, in due course, there is 

 the ear filling all round the top of the stalk. A number of 

 rows, in each row, a number of granular buds. When the 

 summer sun shines out the dew drop is formed, and these 

 little granular buds swell— they harden, they swell again, 

 and harden again — the sun shines out still more bravelv, 

 and there you have "the full corn in the ear," which bows 

 its head and ask the reaper to take it in.— Henry Taylor, in 

 Gardener's Magazine, London. 



The Cinnamon Tree.— This tree flourishes in a white 

 quartz sandy soil, and in its cultivated state it is never al- 

 lowed to exceed the dimensions of a bush, being pruned 

 down close to the ground every year. This system of close 

 cutting, induces the growth of a lanre number of shoots in 

 the same manuer that Withies are^produced in England. 

 Every twelve months these shoots attain the length of six 

 or seven feet, and the thickness of a man's finger. In the 

 interim the only cultivation required is repealed cleaning. 

 The whole plantation is cut down and the sticks are then 

 stripped of their bark by the peelers. The practise of the 

 natives in this employment naturally renders them partic- 

 ularly expert, and in far less time than ts occupied in life 

 description, they run a sharp knife longitudinally along a 

 stick, and at. once divest it of the bark. On the following 

 day the strips of bark are scraped, so as entirely to remove 

 the outer cuticle. One strip is then laid within the other, 

 which upon becoming dry contract and form a series of en- 

 closed pipes. It is subsequently packed in bales, and care- 

 fully sewn up in double sacks for exportation. Although 

 the Cinnamon appears to require no more than a common 

 quartz sand for its production, it is always cultivated with 

 the greatest success, where the subsoil is light, dry, and of 

 a loamy quality. Cassia Bark is much like Cinnamon, but 

 thicker, coarser, stronger, less delicate in flavor and cheaper, 

 hence it is frequently used to adulterate Cinnamon.— 

 Bake7-'s " Eight Years in Ceylon. 



To Remove Lice on Cattle. — A good scrubbing with 

 soft soap and water will remove them. Linseed oil, or 

 any other oil prevents their migrating, and destroys them; 

 but the efficiency of the oil is increased when to every piot 

 is added an ounce of impure carbolic acid, or of Burnett's 

 Zinc cboloride solution. Decoctions of tobacco and staves- 

 acre also poison the vermin, an ounce to the pint of water 

 being generally used. When the animals have been much 

 infested, a second dressing should take place about a week 

 after the first., and brushing, cleanliness, and usually a more 

 liberal diet be given. — North British Agriculturalist. 



FISH IN SEASON IN MARCH 



Brook Trout, Salmo fmlinalis. White Perch, Morone Av.erxcana. 



Flies for this Moktb. 

 Dark Fox and Black, Grey and Claret Gnata, on 13 hooks (small). 



Fish in Market. — It is eminently proper for us, under 

 this head, to chronicle the opening of the trout season as 

 applied to our fish markets. It has been the custom of Mr. 

 E. G. Blackford, of Fulton Market, to have an exhibition of 

 live and dead brook-trout on tie opening of the season each 

 year. Last Thursday, a large number of gentlemen respond- 

 ed to Mr. Blackford's invitation ; among them Prof. E. L. 

 .Youuians, Hon. B. B. Roosevelt, Mr. George Sbe.jipard Bags, 

 Mr. W. C. Coup, Mr, A. Booth, of Chicago. Mr, Fred. Mather, 

 and many others. The display was really magnificent, com- 

 prising trout from the following fish culturists and deal- 

 ers ; Ira Smith, South Oyster Bay ; John P. Mowatt, Camp- 

 belton, N. B. ; Eugene Dupries, Jolliette, Canada ; Gardiner, 

 Kittredge & Sherman, New Bedford ; Seth Green, Caledonia, 

 N. Y. i H, F. Douseman, Fish Commissioner, Wisconsin ; 

 Levi Heywood, Fish Commissioner, Massachusetts ; J. B. 

 & F. W. Eddoy, Randolph, N. Y, ; George Wetter, Oak 

 Grove, Tront Pond^ Franklin Co., Pa. ; Robinson Osterhaut 

 & Oa., Moscow, Pa. ; Livingston Stone, Charleston, N. H. ; 

 Michael Gregory, Fatehogue, L. I. ; and M. T. Brewer '& 

 ::.l: aril to, i laL, Truckee River trout. In addition to 

 the fish temptingly displayed on the Blabs, Mr. Blackford 

 l*fti aquariums scattered about with fish of every age, from 

 the little fry to the one-pounder, Ike process of hatching 

 , sggi n j Bxbiliitedin Me Fi ■ (ti md, parlor hatch- 



rattUS. Alt.. get I, ev, the display, whirl, we regret we 



oooabt djescJihe al greatei length, svaeagreai success. 



Quotations.— Striped bass, 18 to 20 cents per pound ; 

 smelts, 15 to 20 cents; bluofish, 15 cents ; salmon (frozen 



25 cents ; r Ca]ifomia,"<15 cents ; shad (southern), 50 cents 

 each ; mackerel, 30 cents ; white perch, 15 cents ; Spanish 

 mackerel, 50 cents ; green turtle, 20 cents ; terrapin, $15 per 

 dozen ; frostfish, 8 cents per pound ; halibut, 18 cents ; had- 

 dock, 8 cents ; codfish, 8 cents ; blaekfish, 15 cents ; her- 

 rings, 6. cents ; flounders, 8 cents ; sea bass, 20 cents ; eels, 

 18 cents ; lobsters, 10 cents ; sheepshead, 20 cents ; turbott, 

 20 cents ; scoUops, $1.50 per gallon ; whitefish, 15 cents per 

 pound; pickerel, 15 cents ; Canada brook-trout, 20 cents; 

 Long Island trout, $1.20 ; Maine trout, 50 cents ; hard sheU 

 erabs, $4.00 per 100 ; red snappers, 18 cents. 



Opening the Trouttxg Season.— On Wednesday of last 

 week, the 15th instant, with oyster-knife and cork- 

 screw, the ardent anglers formally opened the trout- 

 ing season on Long Island. Most artistically and 

 comfortably was the feat performed. For Beveral 

 days previous the weather had been April-like and mild, 

 encouraging the jubilant fish to skip to the surface in quest 

 of the insect life which the warmth of the air was likely to 

 coax from the egg, and promising to anglers all that their 

 fondest hopes encouraged ; but when the morning of the 15th 

 dawned, there was frost enough in the atmosphere to render 

 exercise indispensable to the warmth of the youngest blood. 

 There was no snow, but the clouds threatened, and on the 

 next day evening it came, and has whitened the ground ever 

 since. Neverthless, those ancient anglers, who have been 

 accustomed for forty years to brave the caprices of March 

 weather in this climate, strode determinedly forth to the 

 ponds and streams — just to keep np the form — and when 

 their lines became stiff with ice, strode shivering back to their 

 respective quarters, to discuss, over blazing fires and flip, 

 the vicissitudes of previous years ; but not without due ex- 

 ercise of their respective powers. That veteran bass fisher- 

 man, Genio C. Scott, slung his favorite eel-skin far out be- 

 yond the breaking surf that rollod in upon the shores of 

 Massapiqua, and taking a delicate rise, played his captive 

 well, and Drought him handsomely to gaff, serving him af- 

 terward, in good style, on one of his latest fashion plates, 

 a la maitre a" hotel Recorder Hackett, at the South Side Club, 

 took a three-pounder neatly, on the fly, with his Derringer 

 pistol, hitting him square in the eye, and bringing him to 

 bag and grief. That returned Californian, L. A. Abbey, 

 whom no one had seen since the golden days of 18d9, was on 

 hand at Oyster Bay, with his favorite quinquplexal lures, 

 and astonished his quondam friends by the alacrity with 

 which he assisted at the "opening," as in the early days gone 

 by. The Bon. Robt. B. Roosevelt hung out his latch-string 

 to a host of friends, who accompanied him to his splendid 

 pond to see him cast for distance. It is claimed, by those 

 who measured his line, that he beat that famous cast of 

 Seth Green, at the- State tournament, which forever after 

 barred him from participation in contests of that kind. So 

 bountiful was his table spread with trout that night, that a 

 new order wiU have to be sent to the State Fish Commis- 

 sioners for additional stock. And so it was aU up and 

 down that sea-girt shore. Jesse Smith and the boys at 

 Babylon drove to Carman's with their teams, snugly en- 

 sconced in robes and blankets, with hot bottles at.their feet ; 

 and drawing rein at the edge of the pond, cast their flies 

 into the water, and hooking to a fish apiece, instantly 

 whipped up their nags and drew their prizes to shore at a 

 2:40 gait, never stopping until they had reached their head- 

 quarters, shivering. At Lorillard's there was a' goodly 

 party, plucky, but disconsolate, who never referred to gun or 

 touched on "horse;" but simply talked fish the long day 

 through, as knowingly as others better versed in fish-lore. 

 The tall I)u Bois "Wagstaff, towering above the other sons of 

 Walton, cut himseU' a wattle from the top of the tidiest wil- 

 low, and Bent his boy to the green-house for angle-worms : 

 but the boy was gone so long, that he became disgusted, and 

 oiling his rod, put it carefully away in his gun-case. At 

 Wilbur's new shooting-box there was a pleasant party of six- 

 teen, who surrounded live good trout and captured them ; 

 which fish, with a proper quantum of bread, made the pieces 

 de resistance on the Monday following at a fashionable itewter 

 served at the Westminster Hotel by W. H. Elder, Esq. The 

 waiters took up twelve baskets of the fragments that re- 

 mained. 



On the North Side of the Mand the occasion was equally 

 exciting, though the wind was colder, and the night-caps 

 naturally a little stiffer. The central and divergent railroads 

 were crowded all that day (the loth) and the day before 

 with anglers in fuU professional panoply, going down to the 

 hospitable resorts of friends below ; and President Poppen- 

 hausen & Co. never did a better business for the same 

 amount of pay. 



Alas! the Island is not now "as it used to was" in the 

 good old days gone by, when wo used to gather around the 

 blazing fires at Conk Yaudovntcr's and Austin Roe's, and 

 Aaron Vail's ; when Scott, and Brainerd, and Hyde, and Dr. 

 W 1. Judge Bavies, and all that ilk and generation, in- 

 vested the hoUowed precincts with an ichthye sanctity 

 which would have delighted the Apostle Peter and all the 

 fishermen of Galilee. Then there were no spacious man- 

 sions of retired New-Yorkers along the shores, no private 

 ponds and exclusive club-houses ; but all fishing was free, 

 so to speak — the ponds had not been poachod bare, and 

 anglers cast their lines in pleasant and not doubtful places. 

 It seems now as if the seasons were milder then, and one 

 was usually well repaid after his four-mile drive in the tedi- 

 ous sand from the Central Railroad to the appointed places. 

 Besides, the seasons "opened" differently then. Perhaps 

 there wasn't, so uiuck of an opening, but it was opening 

 enough to have satisfied Jonah, or any other man accustomed 

 to a swalltfw or two ; tfeOit) 1> il is 6iir to saj Chat the weather 

 was sometimes cold and St >rs .. a I that, so far from being 

 spring-like or summerisii. experienced men came to know 

 that one swaUow, or two, did not necessarily make a sum- 

 mer. 



Whatever of a seemingly unseasonable . i -..--icer may at- 

 tach to the tiino-luun.il d Bustom Of the old hi bitnes of these 

 island waters, we. hope the opening may never be suspended, 

 but continue to open through man j generations to come, 

 though, for ourselves, we should prefer it on the 1st a ' i ' 



DEEP TROLLING* IN LAKE GEORGE. 



i to the 

 When 



., thatU 

 •h more 

 ihc they 



ion you 



<K Lake Geobge, N. X, March 3d 



Editor Forest and Stream. 



Having promised to give you a full description of the fish 

 in the waters of Lake George, I now furnish the same, which 

 is as follows, commencing with tine dun.. -.is nsd known as 

 the "forked, tail," or salmon trout. When a small boy, ess 

 over forty years ago, my father used to occasionall;, ; >> > fil- 

 ing for what he termed "them laki I rent." cud I 

 seldom unsuccessful. When he had taken whal 

 quired he would always stop, take in his line, and BSJ , "that 

 will do, we have got enough for a mess, now we will go 

 home." I remember of his going out one morning m the 

 month of May with his trolling line to lake some trout. He 

 had been gone but a short tune, when he ret 

 house with one fish weighing about eight pot 

 asked if that was all that he had caught, he said, 

 enough for us all, and more than we can eat. Nevi 

 than you want to eat or give to your neighbor, 

 bite; then we shall always be able to get a n 

 want them." Hjs motto was: "Never catch m 

 can make use of, and always dress and take oaaS 

 do get, if it is but one." How few of our sportsmen at the 

 present day think of the generation to come? There would 

 not be the necessity of being to that extra expense of hatch- 

 ing and transporting to our waters yearly as is □ cv done, so 

 many thousand little young fish, in order that it cai 

 that we have trout in abundance; for, with such economy, 

 our waters would naturally bo well supplied. Qi ai hi 

 would be unnecessary. There have been yearly, tor some 

 few years past, from twenty to sixty thousand young trout 

 brought from the noted hatching establishment of Mr. 

 Green, and turned into the clear waters of Lake George. 

 Sixty thousand were put into the lake last month. There 

 are now being taken daily hundreds of trout, weighing troni 

 four ounces up to ten and twelve pounds. There are quite 

 a number of men who make their living by the Side of lish 

 taken from the waters of Lake George ; even the wives and 

 daughters of these men spend their spare time in fishing. I 

 have at this present time a trout that is doomed to be eaten 

 by myself and family, that was taken by a woman, Of whom 

 I bought, it on my return from the north end of the lake, 

 where I had been to see a horse trot on the ice. 



Since my remembrance, there never has been 

 ing on the lake for man or horse as there has 

 the month of February. Ice boating has 1 

 Youngsters from twelve years of age. up to Ehe 

 have had so much sailing that they have, becoi 

 Trout fishing ten years ago was supposed to I 



sofinosloigh- 

 been du ring 



.econio stale, 

 men Of years, 

 Lie tired of it, 

 e nearly used 



egot 



feet fror 



length, 



up ; but the ingenuit; 

 his points, let. the case be wOat it m 

 trolling in deep water were made by 

 fishermen, and they soon got I Itch 

 they could troll in any depth of w 

 hundred feet. The difficulty ; 

 bait ran within two feet of the bott 

 bottom and get snagged. They ha 

 I give you the manner in which it is < 



To troll at the depth of one hundred and fifty feet, use a 



small silk line, braided or hawser laid, oiled, thi I 



feet long. On a heavy, single gui , mi k >ang if Mo. fi and 

 8 Bun- hooks. At the end of the Hue attach a small brass 



swivel; to the swivel attach the gang ; . . to thirty 



the gang attach a small piece of much weaker linn 

 ur silk line with a lend w i£Li W( ,.;I..uk from cc;Lt 

 en ounces, at the end. Thin lin- will be varied" in 

 according to the distiuu 

 a the bottom. The longer me lead tin 

 r will rim fromth : ttoi Che obje 

 load lino is, if the lead gets fast, yon c 

 li the silk, save your gong, attach anotl 

 go on. With this invention it was found that 

 contained numerous largo trout. They have te.l 

 continue to take, numerous quantities of thesi 

 They run often to 8, 10, 12, 14 pounds, bui 

 taken to weigh 1G pounds, during th< 

 shows that the more dainty the bait, :d 

 trout become your game, fly still tubing, th 

 are caught, the large one 

 though they are occasions 

 best bait to put on the gic 

 The inhuman practice i 

 as it was a few years ago ; but it is done Uown anio 

 mountains by some lawless in I 1 1. id; i 

 George and Lake Cliamplain. Their practice is i i a\ 

 up, and it is to hoped that, by next fall, it will be en- 

 tirely Stopped. TflB C*D Pilot. 



lin 



gain 

 perrmeni Eb 



own I ti b 



twelve to two 

 is, to have the 

 iot go to the 

 to perfection. 



your gong to 



n of 1876. ft 



cker the large 

 lie small ones 



- captured, ul- 

 1 shiner is the 



ot so frequent 

 ira among the 



•okon 



BLACK BASS FISHING IN WINTER 



tl WtscHESTEB, Va., March, 1877. 



Editor Fouebt and Stheam. 



As the Black Boss seems to be the " coming fish," and file 

 one that appears, at present, to most fully occupy the atten- 

 tion of the genuine angler, it m.v.. p 

 esting to your Waltonian readers, t ■ 



lately enjoyed considerable sport in angling for these aoble 

 lish, at a season when most OFtteroon oj>e oi opinion that 

 thoy cannot be induced to tate any bait About the mi, Idle 

 of last month, during a period of ■ i 

 wore blessed villi in this , 



the lovely Shenandoah, for the purpose of angling foi' the 

 yellow sucker- a siavies of carp of BXCoUftnt n.cor, but of 

 little interest to the scientific anghr. c , il is exolusivefj :< 

 bottom biter. The bait employed was that commqnjj used 

 in the capture of this fish, \i/. , !lm coj i nttgle or gar- 

 den worm. I had not been engaged in mj oi eupa) long, 



before a heavy tug at m\ rod asstlred mo tiljmhjt ki 



a fish belonging to a family far different from th£ OyprUutltt 



had given me the benefit of his patronage, end upon land- 



ing inv custom© « iced I did, oftei i li tig i :.d 



test [was d< lighted to find thai ! hed cap 



at three pound- ; . (e, touch 



. that thin eoliU iUii en I 



■ anglel-s have bod asid 

 the ui'-eeismucc foretold no uniiwil i ao ... 



1 continued my amusement for fti | ,d bi i - eulchiue 

 bass about ,cs often ttS snckei-H, nud at the . 



I.-. i c i ■ i ■ ■ i , i sli vi c bi I t>i 



. pottnds, 1 spent several dayi 

 securing, in all, seventy -five poms 



