m 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



, one long noto, Hires short notes, and six dote. I heard 



first that it was called the Lone bird, but its real name is whip-poor-will. 

 Wh&tis its Latin name? i a avo often tried to see it, but cannot. My 



r ; the Telegraph bird. Our Bnow-blrd or ortolan, I be 



us the other day in considerable flookB. It is of a white 



color: he speaks by one short note. How often when a boy we caught 



this bird In a trap formed of a cinder riddle, support stick, and line I 



also visits ub in ilncks.and a friend ot mine hero 



say.- ttiey will come and get food near his parlor window, which is 



' | nnentary to the gentle keartB of his youug ladies. The jay 



is another bird hero; lie is gray and white. We have two prominent 

 species of owls— the while and the small gray, or the cat-owl. Some 

 years ago two hawks were in the habit during the winter of visiting 

 the harbor, and as suro sa over they came wo always had heavy weather 

 6tiortty thereafter. Being connected with the meteorological service 

 •we take a deep interest in the signs of birds, which are often wiBer 

 than men. We can't shoot partridge now, because the law is against 

 it, and we are strongly of opinion that every sportsman should make It 

 a matter of honor to obey this law. 0. 



[The Latin name of the whip-poor-will is Autrostomus vorif- 

 WUs; but is it t< i this bird that he refers?— Ed.] 



THE BIRDS OF WEBSTER, NEW HAMP- 

 SHIRE, AND ADJOINING TOWNS. 



BT CHABLEB F. GOODHCE. 



Continued from our issue of March 2Wi. 



Bnnasa tmbellm. Buffed grouse. Common resident; breeds. This 

 bird does groat damage to apple trees in winter, by picking off the 

 buds ; have seen soven in one small orchard at onoe, and thiB not more 

 than ton rods from the house. 



Ortyz virginiana. Quail. Bare resident; probably breeds. 



Phihihala minor. Woodcock. Common summer resident; breeds, 

 When they first arrive in the spring, the male will sit on the ground in 

 the evening and make his peculiar note, which sounds like the night 

 haw !;. something like the syllable sneap. This he continues for several 

 minutes, when he riBes on the wing with a sharp whistling sound to a 

 great height, flying in large circles. This is continued for a few min- 

 utes, when he descends to nearly the same place. This is repeated tin 

 til it Is quite dark. I have never beard of any one speak of this bo- 

 fore,b*t ths habU is such aB 1 have describedit. 



Gultinaga. IVtlsonii. English snipe. Not common until this fall, 1870; 

 they stayed until the ground froze. 



Hhyacopkilus solitarius. Solitary sandpiper. Common summer resi- 

 dent ; breeds. 



Actilurus bartramius. Upland plover. Same as preceding. 



Ar&tahcroiias. Great bluo heron. Common 3ummer resident; may 

 breed now; did a few years ago. 



Botaurus laitiginosus. Bittern— Duukadow. Common tn summer; 

 proba'dy breeds, but havo never been able to find its nest, though I 

 have looked for it carefully. 



Autorida virescens. Green heron. Not a common summer resident. 



Semida eanaclensis. Wiid goose. Spring and autumn migrant. 

 Anas obsenra. Black duck. Summer resident ; breeds. 

 Air, spoma. Wood duck. Same as the preceding, but n 

 Querriueiula diteirt. Blue-winged (teal. Not common in the migra- 

 tions. 

 Mergus americanns. Sheldrake. Commou in the migrations. 

 Lopkodytescucullalus. Hooded merganser. Bare in tho migrations. 



i div. 



Common 



rssi. 



C.'i'mtaj lorquatus. Great North 

 dent ; may breed, did years ago. 



Colyonibus septtnlrionalis. Bed-throated diver ; vory rare, perhaps ac- 

 cidental; have known of its being found here but once— adult male, in 

 the fall of 1876. 



PODICIPIDS— THI GKEBES. 



Po&iccpt HalbmUii, Bed-necked grebe. Accidental, from the coast. 

 Tie to wore some live or six specimens taken this last spring (1870), and 

 I shot a specimen in the river in Juno. This is the only time I have 

 known of its being taken in this section. 



rodittjmbus podiceps. Prod-billed grebe. Not a common summer 

 resident. 



[The habit of the woodcock, mentioned by our corres- 

 pondent is well known, aud has been noticed by more than 

 one ornithological writer. — Ed.] 



A HeabtIjESS Parent. — The following somewhat apocryphal 

 story comes to us from the Clironique de la SooW d' Acclima- 

 tion; our readers can believe it— if they want to: In the 

 TranBvaal Republic the coffee plantations are much exposed 

 to the ravages of large cynocephalic apes, and a good guard 

 has to be kept in order not to loose, through these animals, 

 the fruits of long labor. Among the coffee-trees there grows 

 a shrub (whose scientific name the writer did not know), the 

 fruits of which are borne very close to the trunk. A species 

 of wasp, whose sting is very painful, had chosen several of 

 these shrubs to attach their nests to, and the baboons had 

 often been observed casting envious glances toward the 

 fruit, but not daring to touch it for fear of getting stung. 

 One fine morning the planter heard terrible cries, and with 

 the aid of a good opera-glass he witnessed the following 

 scene: A large, venerable baboon, chief of the band, was 

 laying hold of young apes, and pitching them into the 

 shrub, and he was doing this again and again, in spite of the 

 most piteous cries and groans. The shock brought down the 

 nests of the wasps, which attacked the poor victims in 

 swarms, and during this time the old wretch proceeded 

 quietly to feed on the fruits, deigning occasionally to throw 

 the remains to some females and young a little way off. 



Ufaatttand, Jfitrm md garden* 



REGRAFTING OLD FRUIT TREES. 



THERE is scarcely a country home that hnB not a few 

 old and worthless apple or pear trees on it, that per- 

 haps bearing a few fruit every year, the owner docs not wish 

 to destroy, and which could yet be easily made a source of 

 pleasure and profit at a very slight expense. Grafting is not 

 difficult by any means, though it is not easy to describe 

 without drawings the wWcs operandioi the various methods. 

 The simplest, most commonly practiced, and perhaps as 

 good a plan as any, is called cleft grafting. The limb being 

 cut carefully off so as not to tear the bark, is split through 

 the centre, and the split being kept open by a small wedge 

 in the ceDtre, the seion (about three inches long of last 

 season's wood will do) is cut with a sharp knife wedge- 

 shaped, one side being a little thicker than the other, and 

 inserted, one on each side of the branch if large, particular 

 care being taken that the inner edges of both barks match 

 each other, then cover carefully with wax or waxed cloth 

 so as to exclude the air, and the deed is done. The wax is 

 easily prepared by melting two parts tallow, two parts rosin, 

 and three parts beeswax, very gradually over a slow fire, 

 carefully stirring it all the time. It will keep for years and 

 should be kept covered .up. A most exhaustive article on 

 grafting, well illustrated, appeared in the American Arjricid- 

 turist for April, page 123. There are quite a variety of tools 

 manufactured to assist the cultivator, many of them of great 

 practical utility — Wagener's improved grafting saw and 

 scion cutter being the latest, and if it prove to be all that is 

 claimed for it, it will be a great boon to those who have much 

 grafting to do, as it cuts a mortise for the scion and then 

 cuts the scion exactly to fit the mortise. Scions can be had 

 of any nurseryman, and for six apples ripening at different 

 periods, Maiden's 'Blush, BtS Pipp'n, Early Joe, Spitzenherg 

 ;ire also good sorts; while Barllelt, 

 feme, Louise Bonne de Jersey, and 



for several months. W. J. D. 



The New Tobk Accumatizatiox Society. — At a meeting of 

 tho Directors of the Blooming Grove Park Association, 

 held at, the lloffman House, April 5, 1877, the inclosed 

 resolution was offered and passed unanimously: 



Whtreas, The Blooming Grove Park Association, by their Charter 

 from the State of Pennsylvania, hot been created for the purpose of 

 acclimatizing and domesticating any foreign as well as American 

 species of animals, birds, plants, or fishes; therefore, be it 



Be OlVi • /, That our Association, in hopes of furthering the Bait] 00- 

 ; ect, do hereby extend to t lie American Acclimatization Society of New 

 York the free use of our grounds for acclimatizing any of the above 

 named species they may desire to introduce, and will in each case re- 

 ceive acid give them the necessary care, attention, aud protection re- 

 quisite f or Ifceir preservation., oomesticslion, and successful acclimati- 

 zation . 



It is lobe hoped that this combination may produce re- 

 v,'ill do credit to the mutual enterprise and to 

 in at large. We shall refer to this subject here- 

 after at length. 



Tjice on Cattle. — This subject iB disturbing the peace ol 

 the farmers at present. We have given several recipes— some 

 of our own, some borrowed from contemporaries. In the 

 Country Oenilemmi of April 4th are several new ones furnished 

 by correspondents. One recommends sifting ground plaster 

 along the back and neck: 



"Two or three applications did the work offectuallv. Tho 

 id if very fine and dry. Another metis I 



bol : itals, pne pound of common bar soap, meltea to- 

 gether by the addition of a little water. Let an animal be 

 washed in a strong suds made with this, ant 

 to all parasites, and will cure aQ-Bkin diseases. Both these 



remedies are simple, harmless, and effectual. Lice will live 

 for along time in the wood work about the barn; it is a 

 good plan to whitewash about the lean-to, and prevent their 

 spreading in that way," 



Here is an internal remedy guaranteed to till the lice 

 without killing the cattle: 



Give a teaspoonfnl or so of sulphur at intervals of a day 

 or two, and apply lard with kerosene oil enough to thin it so 

 as to rub it in easily cold, with a little" sulphur in it 



will die or leave in disgust. Usually the internal remedy 

 There are cattle, however, that seem to breed. 

 lice, as they will return again and again, after the most 

 heroic treatment, and while the remainder of tho herd are 

 clean. A little sulphur in the meal will sicken hen lice 

 also." 



A third correspondent says: 



" Twist lightly a few strands of yarn, and draw through 

 mercurial ointment until thoroughly saturated; tie this 

 around the animal's nock tolerably light, and it, will kill 

 every louse on it in a short time." 



We believe mercurial ointment to be very efficacious. 



Again: 



• ' Put two quarts of air-slaked lime into a cotton cloth bag, 

 and shake it over the cattle, whipping them lightly with it 

 under the belly and between the legs." 



New York HoETicuLTtritAL Society. — We have again great 

 pleasure in noting the increasing interest taken in horti- 

 cultural matters in New York, from the large attendance at 

 the regular monthly meeting of the above society at its 

 rooms, 55 West 33d Street, on Tuesday, the 3d ult. Sir. W. 

 C. Wilson, Astoria, L. I., sent some noble specimens of 

 Palms and Tree Ferns to decorate the room, while the 

 smaller plants and cut flowers were arranged in groups, or 

 placed on the tables, where they would show to the best ad- 

 vantage. Fourteen new members were elected, and after the 

 report of the finance committee for 1876 was read and ac- 

 cepted, Mr. David Foulis read a very instructive paper on 

 "Ornamental designs in Cut flowers," giving first a very full 

 list of the plants and flowers most generally grown for that 

 purpose, followed by very lucid and practical remarks on 

 the best and most natural methods of arranging them. The 

 following premiums were awarded: To James Riddle, 

 gardener; to Mrs. Elisha Brooks, In wood, for six Cinerarias and 

 a fine large pan of Boyden's No. 30 strawberry in fruit; to H. 

 Herbert Rej-nolds, Flatbush, L. I., forsix Scarlet Geraniums; 

 to K. B. Parsons, Flushing, for Azaleas; to Charles Zeller, 

 Flatbush, for Cut Flowers; to Geo. Such, South Amboy, for 

 Azaleas, find Orchids; to William Bennett, Flatbush, for 

 thirty splendid plants of JMmmhiwjifionwi with from eight 

 to twelve flowers on each; and to William A Burgess, Glen- 

 cove, for a magnificent basket over two feet in diameter of 

 Marechal Neil roses. 



In addition to the regular monthly meeting on May 1st, 

 the society will hold their semi-annual exhibition at Gil- 

 more's Garden on May 29th, 30th, and 31st. The liberal 

 schedule of premiums* offered (over SI, 000) should induce 

 V t nrs as well as growers to contribute largely, and make 

 this exhibition a still greater success than that of last season. 

 The schedule of premiums or any information about the 

 society can be had of the secretary,' W. I. Davidson, Box 191, 

 Brooklyn, N. Y, ,^^__^_ 



Some Texas Pastures. — A correspondent of the Galveston 

 Wews writes to know if Texas is as wild as it was twenty years 

 ago, and if it is really true that stock is raised in inclosed 

 pastures there. People were in doubt about it, it appears. 

 Their doubts will be removed by the editor's answer. There 

 are innumerable enclosed pastures in Texas, many of them 

 gigantic in size, and in which feed and thrive countless 

 nnmbers of cattle, horses, sheep, and goats. For the benefit 

 of our correspondent and his incredulous friends, we enume- 

 rate a Lev oi Ll.i •■•--.:- '."..-.rare,,. 



Messrs. Coleman, Mathias & Fulton have in Aransas, San 

 Pantrieio, and Nueces Counties, pastures under fence inclos- 

 ing 209. 128 acres: Capt. Kennedv has, to the southwest, of 

 Corpus ChriBti 135,0(10: and Capt. King 175.000. In the same 



Woods, near St. M , : s, has " : DO acres; Thouta.. tonni 

 40,000; John Welder has 28,000 acres: Henry Scott has ' ' 

 acres; Jerry O'DriscoD has 20,000, fchelaat four all in Befugio 



County. In Boo County, sundry persons have 12.0UO acres: 

 and in Atacosa County 75,000 acres. In Live Oak County 

 there are 80,000 acres; in Victoria County. -15,000 acres. Mr. 

 Butler has, in Galveston aud Hums Counties, 60,000 acres; 



Mr. Sam Allen, in ll ante tWQ COl flttee, has 120,000 seres, 



"Mr- Kuram, in .Jackson, has 75,000 acres: Pierre, Vayle £ 



,i ; have 30,000 acres; and sundry persons in 



that aud adjoining count a is. West of San 



Antonio and ■ ■ " "■ ".■■ many large 



inclosed pastures, the owners and dimensions o.f 



V-,, hop ttOTJgh has been I oil !. 

 incredulous gentleman of St Louis 1 hut there are. a tew 

 Hue of them are , 

 , , than horse lots or COM i I I exist in Missouri 



and other i »tes than Texas, 



The Destruction op Woods. — In the able report upon 

 Chili by Mr. ltumbold, to which we lately referred, we find 

 some remarks on the effect that has been produced by the 

 destruction of the woods that formerly covered the country, 

 ■-" well deserving of attention. During 



"ture has 

 of corn, 

 given by 

 for wheat 

 the diseov- 



whieh 



thirty years an extraordinary 



occurred in Chili. Formerly she 



now she is a large exporter. The 



the discovery of gold in California: u 



arose, and Chili set to work to supply it. The 



cry of geild in Australia opened a new and profitable market, 

 and now Peru offers another outlet. In their eagerness to- 

 produce wheat and barley, the peasants recklessly burned 

 down the woods on the lower Cordillera^ n -car i , 

 The progress of mining led to the same result in the valleys 

 of the main chain of the Andes; the consequence of this un- 

 wooding has been to deprive the country of its due rain-fall 

 and to threaten the soil with sterilitj'. Thirty years ago, 

 Mr. Eumbold tells us, travelers posting between ', u 

 and Santiago — a distance of only ninety miles — were some- 

 times in winter detained as us any ar- live days by the 

 swollen state of the rivers and the heaviness of the roads, 

 and it regularlv took bullock carts a month to make the 

 journey. In 1872 "there were 335 dry days, of which 233 

 were entirely cloudless and 102 either partially or entirely 

 overcast. There was much rain on nineteen, and it was 

 showery on tweh e out of the remaining thirty-one days. In 

 1873, when the winter was more severe, the r. 

 amounted to twenty-five and the showery days to . ■ 

 The result is, that one, when, Mr. Rmttbold di BOlll - , 

 great authority, speaks of "the sterility which is invading 

 with alarming rapidity the fields of the central region, now 

 devoid of woods, and the slopes of the hills robbed of the 

 vegetable soil, while nothing now prevents the rains from 

 washing down into the valleys."— /.', 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



Bditoii Forest and Stream. 



So you think youconld llnd room in ITokest and Stream for the 

 Inclosed letter relating to the writings of Mr. Ba rton Wallop? and 

 would yon add to jour former conrlcsH k by n liming the two plants I 

 send, ir you can do so from snch imperfect Specimens? One of tlicin ia, 

 I think, the common cookie-bar, Xmthiam. t am, dear sii 



X. 



X. — There is no doubt that tho larger of the two specimens 

 sent for name is ,U L., a very rank-growing 



weed m rich ground, and showing its tropical derivation by 

 growing best in the hottest weather; there being only the 

 , ... |s ■!_ i i ot'.i:-:' specimen left, it is impossible to 

 determine what it is. Could not our correspondent forward 

 a specimen with flower and leaf. 



J —EpigjEa repeus, L. Ground Laurel or Trailing Arbutus; 

 in New England called May- Flower. 



To tun public, and especially to those whom it muy immediately con- 

 Encouraged by smue kiud friends, and in hopes to benefit myself und 



those dependent upon me ft* support, &orl - benodt the 



State aud people of Florida, where aud with whomThaVe contracted 

 6, many warm ties nl fri n.!shi|i, I .- - . "' " 1 u elf with a 

 soheme called the "Florid* Home Ai ,, ition, lag for its object 

 the inducement to purchase and improve lauds in Florida, under a 

 scheme operated by the sale of tickets, several of which tickets a . , , i 



Bui more mature reflection, on im estimation, and the advice of those 



,,,,,,!!:, comprehend the working of such u scheme, and the no- 



cessary preparations and '■ - nma » success as a 



business matter, and properly certain ami just tow 



a M(i a „, 01 tick. , . nrtm 01 







of other? (at all events, as at pi - ' ' ' 



,, , ,, , , a( , ,, ,-.-a, jndlnstlci I "to abandon 



b p '-i toy ,-, I,- , •' , ; , ■ ■, . !■ " ia- an kind an 



, 



■ 



, i , -a I ...... ■ a :, 



that a grateful heart om ttttt .uuka, 



MM. U. A. BWDOB. 



me, ilardt IB, 1871. 



