246 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



MB BOD A^B GUtf. 



A WEEKLY JOURNAL, 



BftVOTED TO FlEI.H AND AQUATIC SpOIITS, PRACTICAL NATUR At. QjSTOBT, 



Fish Cultuke, the Pkotkctio.s- of Oa.mk, Pi: kskuv, it his ok Forests, 



ANDTHE tSVl CATION IN M EN AM) WOMEN OF A HEALTHS 1.NTEHE5T 

 IN OUT-DOOli RECBEATION ash STUDV : 



PUBLISHED V.Y 



Jforvii and §trmn\ ijfttblisfttnQ <2*t7/H#,7////. 



HO. Ill I ild I LOS) FttLTOM SIBEET, NEW YOltK. 



[Post office box 2*32.] 



terms, four dollars a year, strict!, y ix advance, 



Twenry-flvi at. off tor Clubs of Three or more. 



Advertising ltntes. 



Inside paces, nonpareil type, 35 cents per line; ontsWe page, in cents. 



Special rut<: i ' i ml " Ive month.*, tfofloea HI I illto lal 



columns, SO cents per line. 



nsertine Mir prospectus us above onetime, wltll 

 ml sending marked copy 

 n;t:si inii Stueam for one year. 



NEW YORK. THURSDAY, MAY 24, 1877. 



To Correspondents. 



All communications whatever, whether relating to business or literar.t 

 lenoe, must tie addressed to the Forest anti Stream Pes 

 i.isniNo Comi'anv. Personal of private letters of course excepied. 



ante as a guaranty of good lanli. Names will Dol be pub 

 lislted if objection be made. So anonymous contributions will be re 



■v'.aUii!* to any topic within the scope of this paper are so 



. l to favor us with brief 



- :; i- tin- aim oi tlii> 



■ Mefuland reflable tnfonnatl >etwcen 



getitlenicn sportsmen from one end ol lite country to the other; and 

 tin-.v win Bnd our columns a desirable medium for advertising an 

 tnents. 

 The PnblUners of FOKEST ash Siueam aim to merit ,.: 

 patronage ami countenance of that portion of the communi 



ol 1 



i all 



received on any terms; and nothing will be admitted to any depart- 

 ment of the paper that may noi he read with propriety in the home 



•ir.iay ol each week it possible, 

 car Trade supplied by American News Company. 



< ll\UI.i:.S JIAI.I.OIK, F.iliK.r. 

 T. c BASKS, 8.H.TDBRH.I, 



Wc:-t- .tii Manager. JiusincssTfanager. 



ENLARGEMENT. 



WE present to our readers this week our much promised 

 enlarged paper. To-day's issue approximates to some- 

 thing of the style, system and perfection which we had antici- 

 pated for our issue of May 1, the date of the beginning of our 

 joint enterprise ; but mechanical obstacles have intervened 

 which compelled us to issue a journal sufficiently faulty and 

 conspicuous in its shoTt-comings to provoke a stream of re- 

 minders and complaints in person and by mail, which were 

 the more distressing because we were ourselves blameless and 

 actual sufferers, through detriment to the good health and 

 integrity of our journal. We have now once more assumed 

 the direct control of our own printing office, and hope hence- 

 forward to "go on and prosper." Every line of type of the 

 present issue has been set up anew this week under disabilities 

 that would have discouraged offices with greater facilities for 



in, and at last we feel that we can present a clean 

 and creditable sheet, which will prove to be but a sample of 

 -what may be expected and pledged for the future. 

 ."♦- — — ■ «- 



=men who, during the summer months, visit the 

 wilds of the Catskills, will be glad to know- that an u- Oi atjon 



of leading residents of Green County has been Dr- 

 ill zed for the protection of birds and fish. 



— Robert Bland and Michael Gregory, charged with steal- 

 ing trout from the premises of Mr. Masury. owner of the 

 clubhouse property at East port, Long Island, have been held 

 ten to appearbefore the next Grand Jury of Suffolk 

 County. Mr. Masury lost about -1,000 trout. 



Nones '. 



inj 



subject, wil 

 Wi pill ip 



i Sportsmen.— Having received so many communications 

 a Inforn i Ion to regard to our six-section bamboo trout, 



- ire ii..ve prepared a circular on the 



univ on tin i order to i ■ i ■■'■■'- 1 btu customers 



: lion, for we arc am igta ■ '.-. ith a false 



enamel (made by burning and staining, to imitate the g< I 



01 lal they are getting. 



A,li\ Ani.KV & iMiuciK, •)■■* Maiden I. ■, 



THE FUTURE OF PERU, 



THE waking up of the people of Peru to the fact that they 

 are wasting time in not availing themselves of the civi- 

 lization of the rest of the world, which has been indicated by 

 late dispatches to the daily press from that country, calls to 

 mind the wonderful history of Peru, and lends a new interest 

 to the story of her ancient glory and almost romantic ruin. The 

 re-development of her very great natural resources, and the 

 opening to the world of her inland riches and glorious scenery, 

 will, no doubt, lead to a future prosperity, of which now only 

 a few of her citizens have any conception. The best days 

 that empire ever saw were no doubt those of the Incas, when 

 she was governed by her aboriginal kings with a linn and 

 kind rule which commanded both the respect and love of all 

 the subjects. Every resource of the empire which their skill 

 could develop was brought .into use, and the "Children of 

 the Sun "were a move respectable, comfortable, happy and 

 moral people than they have ever been since. 



Our old interest in this really noble country and in her 

 grand antiquities has been revived, and our memory rein- 

 forced by reading Mr. E. George Squier's charming book of 

 incidents of travel and explorations, entitled " Peru," a finely 

 illustrated edition of which has just been issued by 1,1 ic Har- 

 pers. It is astonishing to be reminded of the vast extent of 

 Peru at the time when the despoiling hand of Pizarro was 

 laid upon it ; and it makes om 'i bj "I boil yet to think of the 

 fearful atrocities which those merciless gold seekers perpetrat- 

 cd in theb - iari i for precious metals. 



The Iuea empire was then at the apex of its glory. From 

 iheir dominating central plateau in the Cordilleras, where 

 Lake Titicaca lies like a jewel on the mountain's brow, the 

 native emperors had pushed their government south as far as 

 Chili, north beyond the powerful kingdom of which Quito 

 was the capital, and from the Pacific on the we3t to the dense 

 forests of Brazil on the east. The area of their empire was 

 equal to all the United Stales east of the Mississippi. It was 

 diversified by every manner of scene and climate, from the 

 snowy peaks and bleak uplands of the Andes to the arid sand 

 deserts abng the ocean and the vine-tangled, tropical jungles 

 whore the Amazon took its rise. People living under such 

 different geographical and climatic conditions must necessarily 

 have greatly varied i tics, and thai the small tribe to 



which the rule of the Incas was ; originally restricted should 

 have been able to leave Iheir little valley, and not Only con- 

 quer hul also hold together so wide and various a common- 

 wealth, i.- very wonderful. Bui from the m 

 their architecture we are able to get a bint of the means which 

 they employed, for there is an absence of written documents, 

 and the chronicles of the prejudiced Spaniards are not a Iway 

 trustworthy. We can trace enormous fortresses guarding the 

 passes of the mountains, and holding in subjugal ion the dis- 

 tant frontiers, connected together by splendid roads and 

 elaborate bridges. 



Much of this wide extent of country was uninhabitable, and 

 in the narrow fertile valleys extraordinary means were used 

 to economize every inch of soil. The ancient inhabitants 

 built their dwellings on arid slopes of hill, among rough rocks, 

 and walled up their dead in caves and clefts, or buried them 

 in irreclaimable sands, in order to save all the scanty cultiva- 

 ble soil for agriculture. They excavated 'great areas in the 

 deserts until they reached moisture enough to support vege- 

 tation, and then brought guano from the islands to fertilize 

 these sunken gardens. Tiny terraced up every hill and 

 mountain side, and gathered the soil from the crevices of the 

 rocks to till the platforms. Perhaps China and Japan alone 

 can show 7 a parallel to the extreme utilization of soil for the 

 cultivation of maize and quinoa, which obtained at the time 

 of the Incas. But this was intended for the support of 

 the nobility. The poorer population lived in dense masses, in 

 huts of stone, or frail houses of grass and bark, practically 

 slaves of the quality of the empire, although the humane 

 policy of the Incas forbore to put an actual yoke of serfdom 

 upon any native's neck. Mr, Squier tells us that the present 

 population of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, which constituted 

 the ancient Inca empire, is about five millions, and that when 

 the Spaniards landed they found something more than twice 

 this number of inhabitants. 



What the future of this great commonwealth would have 

 been had it not vanished before the Spaniards, is a. subject for 

 interesting conjecture. Architectural improvements were 

 then in progress everywhere. The material progress of the 

 country was far in advance of what it is now. There were 

 better facilities of intercourse and the pursuit of happiness, 

 better protection, a wider agriculture, more manufacture, less 

 pauperism and vice, a purer and more useful religion than 

 Peru has ever seen since. Pizzaro swept the couulry of its 

 precious metals, drawing fabulous sums from its mines and 

 treasure-houses. Potosi is about exhausted, but the mines 

 about the Cairo do PafiCB, 18,000 feet above tin bi ill 



yield silver abundantly. Gold is not liberally distributed in 



Peru, hut tin, copper, : ilvei a ml coal are to be obtained. 



Other sources of revenue are the guano islands, the birds and 

 seals Upon which the Incas protected, aware of the value of 

 the excrement as a fertilizer; and the precious chinchona. or 

 Russian bark, from which quinine is made. To develop 



these great, resources, or redevelop them, tin iirneit tin 



projected an extensive system of railway aj t pri 

 prise is building more. Whether these efforts will 

 bringing a large agricultural people to the high table -lands of 

 Peru, the Thibet of America, and to the ion | h 



esting basin of Titicaca ; whether they will make the deserts 

 of the coast to "bloom and blossom like the rose ;" whether 

 they will develop new life in the people, and will be a new 

 source of wealth to the people, remains to be seen. We can 

 only hope so, and that before long the splendid table-lands of 

 the Andes will be easily accessible to sportsmen, tourists and 

 health seekers. Tire la Peru ! 



THE NEW YORK BENCH SHOW. 



T) EFORE continuing our remarks on the Nr-w York Bench 

 -U Show if may not he out of place for us to 

 communications which have appeared in English journals frtmj 

 intending exhibitors from thai sole, it cannol hi- denied that, 

 perhaps, considering the short time at their disposal, 

 minster Kennel Club erred in mvitlng en ri i 

 Britain. We arc aware, however, thai they had bei 

 certain Eaeili iesas ai u ge of dogs; but it si 



on the part of the Steamship company, such dogs should 



be accompanied by their Own) r& A cable dispatch \ as il 



upon sent over and an answer received from Mr. Ramsdcn, 

 agent of the Williams & Onion Line, that dogs would be car- 

 ried on the steamers of that line at the rate ol fr B pound ' ell 



for the round trip. Although this gi id i ' ;i long figure 



lopayfordo ince fees amounted to t v I [lai 



each, the -Club preferred to pay it rather than to cause disap- 

 pointment to any intending exhibitor. And these rales have, 

 been paid on the dogs of Messrs. Macdona, R. J. Lloyd Price, 

 A. A. Brown and others, and would have been paid on all 

 dogs sent ewer. There were entrant gi tved En an three 



other English owners, which, upon the dogs not being forth- 

 Coming, were duly returned to thenb We trust that 

 temporary, the Fanciers' Gasette, will make a note of this fact. 

 Mr. Price won the champion pointer prize with Snapshot, 

 and Mr. Brown, of Liverpool, won with his mastiffs, so that 

 these gentlemen, at least, have no reason to be c 

 Considering the magnitude of the show, and I hat. it was the 

 first one held in New York, it seems scarcely just thai imwar- 

 ' ■ ■ pon it by the English sport- 

 ing press. The invitation extended to Mr. Macdona to come 

 over and judge was a compliment paid to the whole English 

 sporting fraternity, and we have t \ el'j • oil to believe that 

 that gentleman is fully satisfied with the treatment he has re- 

 ceived at the hands of American sportsmen. 



We have before contended that in bench show judging, to 

 the average spe Lata a ic at, would be about as a 

 to draw the names of the dogs out of a hat. 1- 

 lass ill ; i rtah '; picked out a numbej 

 liki judg s eye, and who v ere not even noticed. 

 We have every reason, however, to believe that Mr. Davidson, 

 with the English .-nor.-, did his duty most impartially, but it. 

 is rather disc _ ha, 1 le'spreei lived ideas so rude- 



ly dispelled as the; vere on bi occasion, The fact is there 

 were too many dogs to be judged in the limited time alii wed 

 and we hope on another occasion to see not only more time, 

 given to a careful examination of each class, bul possibly a 

 triumevirate of judges. An important question arose in the 

 Gordon class, when Mr. Eeavitt's Sancho, a black and white 

 dog, with the slightest tan markings, v pi i Brst over Mr, 

 Belmont's Robin. Mr. Belmont protested againsl th i ward on 

 the ground that Sancho was not a Gordon: bul hi decision bd 

 the judge was upheld. Owing c s want of evidence as to 

 Sancho's not being a Gordon. We CO] bad hoped 



to see the standard for Gordons in this country of CM 

 mixed breeds one that would eliminate the v. bite much 



i i eonsumation which is dispelled, oral least postponed, 

 by this decision. 



Another circumstance which caused considerable 

 was the fact that in several instances dogs were entered in two 



classes, and having been judged in i - ., i etui ied t 



the stall in which they were found, were nei toll 



found in a stall corresponding with the number of the second 

 entry. This i on, orwhatei ritmighl 



occurred more particularly in the Gordon classes, and was 

 partially the fault of the committee through Iheir decldirj 



ir.ilar premium list was printed, to have an extra 

 class for black and tan dogs. It seemed at the time, how ever, 

 that this olutely necessary. One class for native 



and imported Gordons had the effect of either entirely throw- 

 ing out, or else forcing into the nativi I igl bt class, aH black 

 and tan, or black, tan and white dogs that were in any degree 

 i , bred. Take for instance the gel. of Mr, Colburn's Daafa ; 

 his exl ra class they would have b(j o Ei ( i sd into the 

 Dative English class, where the judge would have had nothing 

 to do with them, or else been debarred from entering. We 

 might cite as one instance of what we have alluded to wit! 



■lugs being entered in i . case of Dr. S. 



Fleet Spl ir'8 bitch Pan. This i : i . :i-A. 



the only other entries bi ord's Nellie and Mr. 



iy. Beauty was at once disqualified as being 

 imported. Fan, having been entered also in clo- 

 in. the stall corresponding with her entry Oon- 



i iy Mr. Bassford's bitch had a walk-over. Subsequent^ 

 ly the fact, that Fan was in another stall was discovered, and 

 Mr. Macdona, calling b i a most 



unqualified decision in favor of Dr. Spoil's bitch. Mr. B 

 fl oi n yii i I in claiming the money, and rather 



Doml dd him the $30. 



gold, prize mom 



We 

 ■i i the 



