FORE ST AND STREAM. 



361 



Intra canadensis. Very common in Mississippi and Arkan- 

 sas : lesS r-o in Tennessee unit Alahntm). 



•./. Comtuon in tiio fonr-nameU States. 

 lii... Plenty In the four minimi States; very 



ivu on the growlDR crops of eorn alonp the lar»e water cuiirsea. 

 : by the darkeys, ami '»'/,.««! by tin ' 

 Black Bear. Ursus americamvi. Seldom found in Alabama and 

 Tennessee; rare in .Mississippi ; plenty In Arkansas in the omie along 

 the rivers; very destructive on the corn when in •■ rousting cur." 

 !). Kemalus found in Mississippi. 

 VtjwiHIA I)i;i:r. Ceewa irtrgimanuH, Very rare In Alabama and 

 Tennessee ; rare in Mississippi. Ten years ago very plenty. Common 



Brown Hat. VcupertOio mbulatu*. Very common; have seen 

 Ihem flying as late as December 16, and as early as March 10. 



common Moi.e. Bc&opl aquatleus. Exceedingly common. 



Soriitin-.i.s. Seiurus carolinensU and S. lttdovicl(tniiK. First numer- 

 ous, especially in Mississippi and Arkansas; the other not very com - 



.■„/:,. 



Ha. Quite common. 



11 MlaBissippi and Arkansas ; 



u. I M. rausculwi. Thick as hops. 

 Common. Another species Is 



not a 



i; its and Mick. 



Pink Mouse, a 

 also common. 



Muskuat. Fiber zibcihicus. Quite common in all the small streams, 

 and alnnit the borders or poods and bayous. 



TIakk . :us ami /.. aquations. The flrst exceedingly 



uumerooS in Alabama and Tennessee ; the other not quite so common. 

 Both quite comiuou in Mississippi and Arkansas. 



Orosaou. Diddphgivfrgintana. Common and plenty in both Mis- 

 sissippi and Arkansas; have seen them abroad iu the daytime in the 

 Mississippi River bottom, In Mississippi and Arkansas. Common in 

 Tennessee and Alabama. 



[Our renders ami ourselves have again to thank Dr. Cones 

 for his thoughtful kindness in sanding us further notes on the 

 mammals of Xorth America. We feel sure that all who are 

 interested in this branch of zoology will show their apprecia- 

 tion of this courtesy by forwarding to Dr. Coues any noli:-: of 

 interest on this subject which they may buve brought to- 

 gether. —Ed.] 



THE FAUNA OF MICHIGAN. 



(ConUmifd). 



ORDER GUAI.LATOB1 



Cms raiuuli-iuis. Terner. Sand Hill Crane. 



GEXOS AUDEA. 



A ,-ikii Iwi-udias. Linn. Blue Heron. 



GENUS AKDETTA. 



Ardttta exilis. Gray. Least Bittern. 



RENDS BOTAUKFS. 



liotaurus lenliginosus. Sleph. Bittern Quawk. 



GENCS BUTORIDES. 



Mi ■ nreseens. Bonap. Green Heron, "Fly up the oreek." 



QEJJU8 NYCTIAHDBA. 



Xgcliardm gardeni. Bd. Night Heron. 



I'AMILT TANTAI.1D.-E. 

 GENCS IBIS. 



Tbis ontu. Bonap. Glossy Ibis; Occasional. 



FAMILY OnARAIIRID/E. 

 GENCS CHAKADRIDS. 



Charadrius virginicus. Bonap. Golden Plover. 



KHldeer Plover. 

 1. Ring or Semi-palmate,! Hovel 

 ping Plover, Occasional. 



lamia Mctlim. Cab. Black-billed Plover. 



F.UtH.T HJSMAT0I-ODID.B. 



GENUS STKKI'SIl.AS. 



WepsBa* fnterpres. 111. Turnstone. 



FAMILY RECURVIROSTRin^l. 

 GSKtTS RECURVUIUSTKA, 



,-,.■;.■ Nostra mmrkann. rime). American Avoset. 



GKNDS HIMANTOrUS. 



mmantiyux nigrki.Iih: Vlcill. Black-necked Stilt 



FAMILY rilALAKOl-OMu.1':. 

 GENUS l'UAl.AROIUS 



rlKltaropv.s mlmnU. Cuv. Wilson's Pbalarope. 



,, ,;iim hyiu-rlinmis. Tenim. Xorthern phalaropo. 



,,,.,,.,.: ridicartta. Bon. Red Phalarope. 

 Family hcolocaciile. 

 gencs itiiloiusla. 

 Philuhlamin&r. Gray. American Woodcock. 



GEViUS (1A1.UNAGO. 



(MUimgo wilsonii, Bon. Wilson's Snipe. 



GmNOS MACHOIUIAMrilCS. 



merartiamphm Qrisew. Leach. Kod-breasted Snipe. 



Nacrorhaini'hv* srufajKi'rux, Law. 



GENTS TRINOA. 



Tringacmiutwi. Linn. Robin Snipe. 

 'J'ri.iga uviawana, Cass. Red-backed Sandpiper, 

 Trim/a itmaiiaia. vielll. Jack Snipe. 

 Trimiamlwiiii. Nuti. Least Sandpiper. 

 Tringa boimparlii. Schl. Bonapart's Sandpiper. 



GBNUJS CALUIKIS. 



Cahdris armaria, llliger. Sanuorltujr. 



GENUS KKKUNETKS. 



^.■•uji.O-spttviJiratuH. 111. Semipalal.cd Sandpiper. 



GENCS MieltOl'AI.AJIA. 



ffieropalama Inmuntopii-s. Bd. Stilt Sandpiper. 



GENCS SYMI'UEUIA. 



..„■■, a imio .-/•itaii. Hart. Willet. 



GENCS OAM1IETTA. 



'.',<■„.;.. tta iiirlamdeuca. Bon. Tell-TalC. 

 0am tetta ftavipei, Bon. Yellow Legs. 



GENCS RHYACOPHILCS. 



Rhyaeaph&vi solltarins. Bonap. Solitary Sandpiper: 



GENCS TKINGOIDES. 



Tiing'iid'i, ■itiandaru's. Gray. Spotted Sandpiper. 



gends pniLoaiAoauB. 



Plrllrnicic'ius pugruut. Gray. Huff. Two specimens ElUcrt by mr- 



setf. Hi ve he ard of three or four others, all in Sanilac County. 



genus ACT1TDRCS. 



Act:!" lion. Field Plover. Bwtrwa's Sandpiper. 



t!u i ousted Sandpiper, 



i ,i i ■ i ■ i ■ i 



1 fd li i I idWtt. 



i, o }, ,Sw. Hiulsoni.'in Godwlt. 



S8*FS NCMENll'S. 



DHg-1 I ii!'!ew. 



■■"i eoits Lath. Esquimaux Curlew. 



< I HALLOS. 



\i nd. Marsh Ueu. Common in southern counties. 



fialllts crepitans. GnL. .Mud Hen. Clapper Rail. 

 IlulluH Virginia na. Linn. Virginia Rail 



GEX0S I'llllZANA. 



ina i Itaa. Vieill. Sora Rail. 



I'orzana rtaveboraceneis. Bit Yellow Rail. 



GENUB FtLIOA. 



Fiilim americaiia. Gin. Coot. Mud Hen. 



GENCS GALL1NCLA. 



C'tstliimlagalmla. Bonap. Florida gaiirnule. Breeds In marshes at 

 moutli of the Saginaw River. Very abundant. 

 (Jiilliiiulti hiarliiiii-ii. Lutli. Purple gallinule. Accidental. 



{To be. continued.) 



v Zoological Garden for Week 



^en common seals (J'luxa rihilina), 



to.), presented; one Vir- 



^oodlmtd, ,$Hfm mid (garden , 



ms BoTjflTIETe, --Just at, present in meadows and 

 It.edge rows the ditVerent varieties of wild grasses can be ob- 

 tained in perfection, and they should be much more extensively 

 employed in flora! decorations than they are, for not even the 

 most delicate greenhouse fern will give the same airy look to 

 a vase of lowers that a few spikes of wild grasses will impart. 

 It is only a few years since they were first brought into re- 

 quisition, snd ever since, especially in England, their use has 

 been steadily increasing. It is a good plan to la}' in a store of 

 the different varieties of grasses at the present time, for use 

 during the winter months, when they cannot be obtained in 

 the fields. In cutting tliern for this purpose each variety. Should 

 be tied in separate bunches, and care should be taken that they 

 are not bruised together; for, if this is the case, when the bunch 

 is opened, each spike will he found to have dried in its crush- 

 ed position, and its form will thus be quite spoiled, and its 

 value for decorative purposes destroyed. All grasses should 

 be dried in an upright position, particularly those of a dropp- 

 ing character. Oats and rye While still green, are also very 

 pretty in large arrangements, especially ears of black oats, which 

 are seldom seeu used, and which form a Charming contrast to 

 grasses and sedges. The great, value of grasses is that in ad- 

 dition to their giving alight appearance to a vase, a large phune 

 of handsome grasses and sedges enables you not only to dis- 



pense 

 ter at 



with many llo 

 rahtage. To 



3 but to she 

 etlii 



the 



,-be 



I to the utility of the bio 



HSt l ( 





eh bet- 



ibler 



t, but tr 



many 



this 



ionnecJ 



Oft, at- 



f up tin 



.l.e.V'.' 



For 

 s is best 



lefulnes: 



, flowers and f 

 i trumpet (he grat 

 ubipted. Mentipr 



trial now in their flov 

 villi their airy, gracefu 

 and hard to procure. 



•ct, into the 

 ployed in t 



—During the last week we have been favored by Mr. Peter 

 Hanson, Brooklyn, a most enthusiastic cultivator of bulbous 

 plants, with flowers of the following lilies, viz. i L. Condon, 

 Limbellatum, Ilansoni, Croceum, C'alifornicuni. Humholdtii, 

 Oandidum, Longillonim, Hiilbiferinn, Cohuiibianuni, Marta- 

 gon (var. Dalmatleum), Philadelphicum (the northern vari- 

 ety), and others. We consider L. Humholdtii and Culifomi- 

 cuni both California species, and L. Hansoni a Japanese vari- 

 ety, great acquisitions to our cultivated lilies and likely to be 



Of :<■! vice in crossing with the [,. Speciosuni section. 



Wax-Yielding Plants. — At a meeting of the Natural 

 Science Society recently held in Hamburg, Mr. Gr. Wnllis re- 

 marked that wax was not only obtained from 1 he berries of 

 Bhm Bueeedmea-& plant which also supplies the celebrated 



Japan lacquer, the preparation of which remains a secret—hut 

 that three other kinds of wax lrom entirely distinct trees are 

 known to be obtain; d in South America. One conies from 

 Northern Brazil, and is produced by the beautiful Khpdoe.lia 

 i-erifira - called there O.iruaiilia -Which grows between the 

 fourth and sixth parallels of southern latitude. Another 

 kind is obtained lrom a niyriea from Peru and New Granada, 

 which passes there under the name 

 This tree grows in a variety of sittiat 

 tions of 5,000 or 8,000 feet above the 



feet, grows in the same republics— 



Wax'Palm. The method, bti in 



. -i-iily, but its subsequi 

 manufacture Of caudles is. in all ea? 

 Kdopstuekia it is obtained from u dusty coating on the leaves. 

 In the Myriea as well as in ihe Jlhus sinr.,ihni,ii, il isi.b- 

 tained from Ihe berries, and in the renminbi:: instance ii ^ 

 taken from the stem, which is clothed with a thin mautle of 

 wax, and this is scraped otV wilh an instrument made for the 

 purpose. Mr. Wallis slated that a manufactory exists in 

 Brazil for working the wax into candles, of wlUcb h. [u, ,i 



if Laurei and Olive 



is, and even at eleva- 

 „ A third kind Of 

 to altitudes of 10,000 

 ., the Ceroxylou or 

 ; the wax from these 

 preparation for the 



seen fair specimens m;ide from the. Can 

 kinds. One great drawback is the bad color of the wax, lor 

 bleaching which no process is known. The Brazilian kind La 

 green, the others rather of bluish or light yellow tints. 

 Large premiums have for years been offered in lo: 

 discoverj of a process that will effectually whiten the wax; 



■ : they have not produced the il- il id el 



Japan they appear to have some process by wliich it, \M 

 bleached, but il is doubtful whether it has not already been 

 tried in Brazil. The Ceroxylou produces the whitest wax; 

 but rdl kinds suffer more or less from a want of consistency, 

 which, unless they are mixed with other substances, renders 

 them useless for the manufacture of really superior candles. 



This Staked Plains.— The plains extend eastward from 

 m i Cos River in New Mexico, and constitute a large portion 

 of Western Texas. The Pecos seems to have cut its way 

 through the western border of this table-land. The hills rise 

 abruptly from the river until the surface of the plain is gained. 

 That is the highest point, and the surface slopes gently to the 

 cast. No tributaries Mow into the Pecos from the cast. The 

 water which falls on the plains flows eastward, and form [ii 

 many rivers of Texas. It is an unknown land, boundless and 

 endless, There is a legend connected with the name, ft is 

 said that in the early settlement o: .Mexico, a party of miners 

 discovered extensive silver mines on the eastern border of the 

 plains, and, in order to find their way back, they drove stakes 

 at intervals along their route ; hence the Llano Estacado, or 

 BCaked Plain. But. little is known of this region, although 

 many have traversed it, particularly Mexicans, for the purpose 

 of hunting buffalo, or trading with the Indians. The gentle 

 depressions in the plains on the eastern border, increase into 

 more pronounced valleys, as the traveller pursues his journey 

 eastward, until the waters have cut their way through the 

 strain of rocks and flow in deep and rugged canyons, from the 

 bottom andstdeS Of which innumerable springs of sparkling 

 water burst forth. These springs form the permanent head- 

 waters of Texas. They are of ten strongly impregnated with 

 salts from the rooks and sulphuric acid from the vast beds of 

 gypsum underlying the surface. The plains break down the 

 eastern border in perpendicular descents of from 400 to 1000 

 feet. The outline is most irregular. The rainfall on these 

 plajns must be great, as all the important rivers of Texas have 

 their source there. The canyons of the rivers are generally 

 heavy timbered, and afford shelter for the Indians and for 

 game. The surface is covered wilh flourishing grasses, and 

 lakes and streams of freshwater abound. These plains will 

 he the great herding grounds of the future. They will exceed 

 the pampas of Buenos Ayres in the production of cattle. 

 'there the powerful and numerous tribes of Comanche Indiana 

 dwelt. Their power is now broken. They have warred with 

 the frontiersmen of Texas until they became weak, and the 

 government finally drove them to their reservation in the In- 

 dian Territory. Nothing now disturbs the solitudes of these 

 plains but the herds of buffalo, antelope and wild mustangs. 

 It is a country to be occupied. 



The Lovku'sCauokn. -There isa land, a delightful country^ 

 which would in vain be sought for on the waves of the sea or 

 across the lofty mountains. In that country the. flowers not only 

 exhale sweet perfumes but intoxicating thoughts of love. There 

 every tree, every plant breathes, ina language more noble than 

 poetry and more sweet than music, things of which no human 

 tongue can give an idea. The sand of the road is gold and 

 precious stones, the air is filled with songs compared ; ; 

 those of the nightingale and thrushes, which 1 now listen to, 

 aieno better I lain the croaking of frogs in their reedy marshes. 

 Man in that land is good, great, noble and generous. There 

 all things are the reverse of those which we see every day; 

 all the treasures of the earth, all dignities crowded together 

 would be but objects of ridicule If there offered in exchange 

 fora faded flower, or an old glove left in a honeysuckle arbor. 

 But why do I talk about honeysuckles ? W'hv am I forced lo 

 give the names of flowers you know to the flowers of these 

 In this country no one believes in the i 



tin 



of pt 



Thi 



ii.e aei 



Il of th 



An oil 



Old age, death, or IV. 

 ) heart, Man there : 



bramble the 

 absurd to compare 

 kite there is more n 

 in other countries. G 

 reality it was hut a p 



an instant at sunset ! 



hern to tin 

 [Idly happy 



Aug 

 place, and 



tailed to gi 

 been very 

 ripened si 



W] 



icse leaves 

 i. The n 

 nig as post 



>ri riklings 



:ept the top , 



n point to all 

 Ic, and to thi 



I water shouli 

 1 is that the c 



i length 

 of lcavi 

 to gro 



■getful- 



equires 

 bench is there a fliQU- 

 SCwhere: slumbers arc 

 V attended h\ blissful 

 he insipid fruit of the 

 iousthat it would be 

 )ple of other regions. 

 earns can aspire to & 

 ipoeticislesl Alas tin 

 a mean suburb, when 

 vould steal thither for 

 shut-up garden. 

 Alciionsic K.AUP.. 



cr failed to strike as 

 in July or, 

 in inserted in an open 

 lowed, inanv of them 

 nib border failure bus 

 ■aMier more than half- 

 with all the foliage 

 J, firmly planted up.to 

 ' if properly attended 

 >p the folbig-e fresh as 



d place ami occasion^ 

 Another point to be 



i be I lickly made 



ried or shrive be,: n,,-, 

 nf will only give this 

 ing of August select 

 1 necessary shade, and 

 I! fail in grc ■ 



walemeeasionally!, notone cutting in 1V\ 

 and be will find this method, quicker and easier than t Bui de- 

 scribed in your lust issue. D. 



THE ESSEX BREED OF SWINE. 



BnrroB Foukst ami Stream; 



breeds, but the principal value is fouu, 

 pigs for the market. A rapidly grow 



be : mail black breeds of 

 b are entirely blai 

 illful care, to reach such 

 ling the largo 

 use as smaller 

 ll thn 



lure in one season that it may be brought lo murk ■■'. 



and not as a "hog," is a vei , , : one, and it is precisely 



