iOO 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



<|f# §ultuw 



>CKING THE BARREN WATERS OF 

 THE GREAT DIVIDE. 



II..-- OUT, Idaho Territory, J uue 2-1, 1677. 



J am localcfl id tile very heart of the Rocky Mountains, within one 

 Wile ot the summit, ami about 1",000 feet above sea love]. The divid- 

 ing line of waters is withm one mile of our cabin, and occasionally I 

 Btroll to the top of the Divide, where one can see the streams Stretch- 

 ing away toward both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Although all 

 streams m this section uow through mountain canyons for livo or ten 

 miles before reaching the river bottoms, and with a descent of from 

 20o to 100 feet per mile, yet their rise was almost invariably in Borne 

 splendid little lake. In the canyon where I am located the stream at 

 this season rans a thousand inches of water, and the fall at least one 

 thousand feet per mile. Yet at its head nestled snugly among the 

 mountains, and not over 1,200 feet from the top ot the Divide is a 

 ■beautiful lake, com prising about twenty-live acres.wlth water as clear as 

 crystal, and apparently of great depth. Looking from the Divide into 

 Montana one can see the streams heading in the same way. Not a fish 

 or auy living thing can be seen in this lake of ours, but the water is so 

 Ix-autilolly clear that it seems to me trout would thrive In it. They 

 ii iy abound in all the streams running through the valleys and 

 up the mountain streams, until you reach the canyons. Do you think 

 they would live should we place tliem iu the lake? J. W. B. 



[Eemaeks. — Although brook trout are indigenous to very 

 many of Uio Rocky Mountains, streams and lakes, in some 

 they are not found at all, and our inference would he that the 

 waters are not adapted to their maintenance and propagation. 

 Trout require something besides pure cold water. They want 

 larva?, aquatic plants, and varying bottom that is not. all gravel 

 or rocks. It would be worth while to tiy the experiment. It 

 would undoubtedly succeed iu some of your waters, and pos- 

 sibly not iu others. It would add much to the attraction of 

 your mountain region if the waters abounded in trout.— Ed.] 



Camfoiwia Salmon in Lake Ontario. — A correspondent 

 •writing from New Castle, Out,., under the date of July 10, 

 says that a 5-pound California Sainton was taken that morning 

 in a trap off Wiknot's Creek in Lake Ontario. These salmon, 

 it will be remembered, were hatched in the Dominion govern- 

 ment establishment, at New Castle, in the spring of 1874 The 

 California salmon is larger, deeper in form, and heavier than 

 the native salmon of the same age taken in Hie same wa iris. 

 This is the third lish ever taken this side of the Pacific slope, 

 taken at Monroe and one at Port Huron, Mich. 



Shad poi: Sotrr 



mac waters bus In 

 Mass., and last, w 

 young flail for the < 

 been deposit 

 young shad hatched 



n Waters. — Spawn taken from Poto- 

 :■! ■■■■. .-.:-■! i Ml v hatched at South lladley, 

 air. S.lniermaii Started Willi 100,000 

 ttahoochoe River, 0a., where they will 

 jefore this reaches our readers. 50,000 

 -rle-Grace have been placed i: 



j ■-■--- i 



the Salt River, at Mexico, Mo., and a like niunber in the 

 Kansas River, at Topeka, Kansas. 



i, was recently 

 i James Ith 



— Another f.iiir-'pound grilse, or yoimgsalmt 

 eaptm'ed under Rusher's dam, above Richmond, 

 This is undoubtedly one of the lot of California 

 out and put into Ike river here by Or. Ro 



mi . i. ence i ' u i altl'ornia salmon ma 



Iy introduced to the waters of Virginia. 1 



I, will probably be quite nutni 



we trust that proper means will lie ] 



over the dams between Lyu 



.all, 



n hatched 



rous in the James, and 

 rovided to enable them 

 •hburg and Richmond. 



A salmon, reported lo have weighed nine and a quarter 



i: said to have been taken July 1st in the Delaware, 

 near Newcastle, which is ihe third specimen captured iu the 

 [tin three months. 



- A (iiille was recently taken below the luoulh of the Del- 

 aware baywhich weighed 400 pounds. 



+~+ 



Tub City FibBWA'2.— [n compliance with the requirements 



the Pish ( 'nniniissioners, the city nf Cambridge is preparing 



of 



Of Aiiingte 



iu the ered 

 connection 

 up freely, 

 dam, which 



- city 

 , .. Brook in Arlhm 

 illi and Mectford are all interes 



(1 the riparian owners upon it claim thai pu 

 n of a dam upon it by the. city of Cniubrh 

 ith the water works, idewives aud other lis! 

 "he tide rises and falls about three feet belc 

 about seven feet in height above 1 



preparing 

 The towns 

 terested in 



ions 

 ;e in 

 vent 



It is not far from the almshouse. Mr. W. 



: . ir, has prepared a plan for the fis. 



Ba 



It 



width, 



be of wood. 41 feet in length, !> feet in width and 2 feet deep. 



The enli'in ' i ' ' ■ ! '; ' 



by means of partitions plen 



fish will be of the mof 



the dam, and as the finny 1 



is no em'rent to breast., one 



iout one foot. 



fully provided the course of tli 



g character all the way up ovt 

 ion .no not. so happy when the) 

 fill be provided 6 



the tide. The lish would be sure to tind tl 

 isted, whatever the difficulty might be. T 

 that brings thsm from the ocean to them . 

 were hatched, if they .-■> I miles u] 



■ if it ( 



\\'hi--li th-_y 



_, or down the 



near Ihe bead of 



i to find it, also 'prompts them to get a 

 bi as possible-— Boston Journal. 



V luxsois —The bill to encourage the propagation of fish in 

 Illinois waters has failed to become a law, notwithstanding it 

 ,ll,oth houses of the Legislature. This will be sorry 

 news to many of the ardent supporters of the bill. But then 

 we can replenish some of our lakes bordering on Michigan, 

 ■where people are < uterprising enough to iosl.er tins important 

 branch of industry. But docs this speak well for our own 



State 1 R 



—A "-eiiileman rather given to conviviality, desirous that 

 the eilec-is of a slight over indulgence should not be noticed 

 oVtheuroou. who was holding his pony's head for lum to 



mouht, Vaag so lightly into the saddle as to land or, the turf 

 Ob the othei side. John, advancing to meet inn wherefie 

 lav exclaimed, " Ecli, sir, 1 hope you re no hurt . JSo 



f^ , -but I never knew the beast to do that 



before ?"— liwto" Hornet, 



littnntl Jjistam 



THE HELLBENDER AND HIS HABITS. 



Foxeubi:., I'm. .,< , 



Edjtoh Forest and Stk 

 In your lasi Issue (June 

 Hellbender, which spoke 

 fact, I think "Ocouomnw 

 perieiieein ilshing on the 



the botti 

 mud hot 

 habits c 



■iipinl 



a couple of ho 

 ph 



boatman on the Allegheny Ktver that tltej are never seen on 

 land. 



Their food, about which "Oconomowoc " is in doubt, Is pr inly any 



thing that a fish will take, as I have caught tliem indifferently with 

 minnows, crawfish, worms, meat, etc. They are sluggish in their mo- 

 tions, and although I have tished the river a great deal with live bait. 

 I have never caught auy on my rod, and have only seen one .■; eto 



while on an outline they will take a minnow readily. Ai.msuuknv, 



[We referred the question as to whether this creature is 

 amphibious to Mr. Mather, and the following is the reply*— 

 Ed.] : * 

 Editor Foekst and Stream: 



I have read With interest the articles from "Oconomowoc," 

 "Alleghany," and also those from Prof, (irote concerning 

 the habits of the hellbender, aud wish to add my own obser- 

 vations of this queer, and to me attractive reptile. 



I have known the menopoma for a number of years as most 

 anglers know him; simply an undesirable customer to get 

 upon your hook when you are striving for better things, anil 

 an ugly fellow to get off without cutting away your book, but 

 having had the care of several specimens in" tanks for more 

 than a year past, at Philadelphia, the New Y 



sd t 



■udci 



and its branch the Seasj 

 them night and day 

 so insensibly have] 



A letter from a f 

 tolerably good belli 

 studied "them, and fj 

 muddy bottoms; but on ihe contrary prefer a 

 one, and when one is under a. si .. me anil sees a scl 

 proaching he gets ready for a spring at them, 

 In the streams that pour down tbe° Alleghan 

 there is not mud enough to plaster a robin's lie- 

 in great numbers. Re is slow on land, but if y 

 iug and saw one in six inches of water, I'" 

 that you couldn't put your heel on him. 

 now found in the Juniata and Susquehann 



Please notice that my correspondent, wl 

 naturalist, speaks of tin 

 that he has seen them tl: 

 or not does not appear; 

 lying for he 



Aquarium, where 1 i 

 found them of grea 

 like tbem. 

 Elk Lick, Pa., m 



wagi 



speed 



i, but wl 



i rf.ii 



of the 



','si.ei 



of 



that, this reptile, cove 

 could endure the dire 

 and therefore if 



fit. 1 do 



T, shelving 

 i.l lish ap- 

 is happy. 

 Side where 

 ic is found 

 vere troul- 

 teu to one 

 Tlfey are 



' way, is a 

 : implying 

 ni volition 

 aquarium 



" i the 



. tlii 



is with a glutinous coaling, 

 if the sun without injury, 

 haunts it comes out of the 

 at all, it is probably at. some point well covered, or 

 at night. 



I have fed them with beef, fish and worms, and learn 

 from a reliable observer that one taken with a honk threw 

 up a strip of pork rind half an iuch wide aud five inches 

 long. 



The outer layer of the skin or epidermis is shed wholly 

 or in part at intervals of two or three weeks, mid is often 

 eaten by ihe animal. I have never seen it entire as in 

 snakes, but, only a portion at a time, and tind by micro- 

 ovoid scales, not imbricated, and although when fresh it 

 appears of considerable thickness, it is exceedingly thin 

 wheudry. ri ,,,,, Matitkb. 



Nantucket Llano- Bay of I<',u,dy, JufyB.— Writing I roni 



the Bay oi Fimdy, so often spoken ot as the "fog iactory," I 

 will mention that in the last thirteen days here there lias been 

 only oue half daj oi fog and one rainy day, the remainder he- 

 ing very fine and warm. With a sea Lie ■-,,. u, a I . ■ ■, day 

 one, needs overcoat, and milieus for condor! here 



Professor 11- has been dr, d-Jng for cmsos.ties of the deep, 

 so varied and abundant in this bay, and several gentlemen 

 have been collecting wonders of the aii and of the land in this 

 vicinity. My mission has been to find a breeding place of the 



Bonaparte gulfs { Laru.s bouupuHu. of Aud.), and in 



this have bad opportunity to make some additions to my or- 

 nithological iioics and collection. I have with me one of my 

 setters that I allow to retrieve my best specimens, it being ex- 

 ceedingly careful wilh a bird. Of these usually termed "aume 

 birds," I have seen only a few of the waders here. 



I might be tempted 10 look for July woodcock to obtain a 

 change of diet, but an occasional day's row of thirty miles has 

 given me an appetite that actually craves for auks, guillemots, 

 and lobster ban. (flounders). Such a repast does not tempt a 

 native, nor would turtle soup or a bottle of cham; .r i 

 my search for knowledge by experience, I often have a 1'eaM 

 of fish, flesh or fowl, that is from unfounded preiinu,, n 

 ed as unfit for food. July li 1 saw a flock oi redbreasted 

 snipe, or "dowitcbers." These are the male birds m I tl 

 ing south from their breeding, i ilaces in the far north, II is 

 but, six weeks since they were Hying north a]. use; ihe coast, of 

 Maine. I also saw, on the (ith inst.. a willed, two r, db 

 sandpipers, and a Hock of peeps. Very likely, they will lie at 

 Long Island ere this reaches you. BoAMKlt, 



ri ' ,; ' I" I'oi'estand Sibbam, page 880, are two im- 

 portant typographical errors which may misinform readers. 

 QHlKiIabyiB. For B 



ula read Udix ulUiuuUt. 



Aksow in tile Heaet of a Uf.ei:.— A Neva ; 

 recently killed a deer, in the heart of which was found inl- 

 ine arrow-head. The muscular substance of the 

 organ had surrounded the arrow-bead, and became calloused. 

 Showing it. had been carried for some time. 



[Several similar instances have been reco"ded, bullets 

 beiug found thus imbedded in the hearts of animals, ami in 

 one case— that of a bear— two inches broken from the blade 

 of apoignartl was thus found.— Ed.] 



The SI. Tammany, La., Farmer, says: A curiosity in the 

 shape of a -white doon, or some sort of hybrid oscillating be- 

 tween old Zip and a canine, was slung into our san- stum is 

 veteran sentinel of the hen roost. 



Ornithological Notes.— "Winthrop E. Stevens, of West 

 Farms, K, 1"., sends us the following list of the spring arrivals 

 of our common birds during 1874, 1875; and 1876, as observed 

 by him : 



Wood thrush, May S, If 74; May 10, 1679; May 6, 1878, 



Cat bird, May 9, 1814; May B, 1870; April 3d, 1S7G. 



Brown thrush, April 24, 1HT(; April 87, 1815; April B8, 1878. 



Rnby-crowned wren, April 34, 1S74; April 16, 1875; April 15, 18TU, 



House wren, May 4, 1874; May 7, I87B; Apul 89, 1S7II. 



Black and white creeper, April Si, 1874; May 1. 1876; April Bit, 1B*«. 



Blue yellow-bauked warbler. May 8, 1874; May 7, 1S70; May u. isiil. 



Blue-winged yellow warbler, May 10, 187*? May 10, 1876; May 8, 187a 



Nashville warbler, May 18, Iff! I, 



Tennessee warbler, Maj 28, 1-7:.. 



Summer warbler, May 8, 1874; May 6, 1876; May 0, 1870. 



Blacfe-throated greeu warater, May s, 1S74; May 10. 1S7E; May I, 1874. 



BlaoK-throated blue warbler, May S, 1S74; May 10, lS7r>; Mni u. 18J6. 



Yeilow-nmip warbler, May 1, 1474; May 1, 1875s Aprlt'24, 1-70. 



Blackburnlan warbler, May 10, 1S74; May 13, 1S75; May 10, 18"6, 



Mack-poll warbler, May 14, 1ST!; May 13, 1S75; May IS, 1H70. 



Bay-breasted warbler, May '22, 1374; Ms, ,- .] , . 1 ,, 1S76. 



Chestnut-sided warbler, May Is, 1874; May 10. 1875; Ma] 9, 1875; 

 1 . : 1 iii yellow warbler, May 14, 1874; May 13, 1575; May 13, 18711. 



Cape May warbler, May 1.1, IS75, 



Prairie warbler, May 9, 1874; May 15, 1875. 



Yello.v red-poll warbler, April 19, 1874.; April 13, IS75; April 21, 1875. 



Golden-crowned thrush, May 9, 1-71; May 9, 1S75; May 6, 1870. 



Maryland yellow-throat, Mays, 1871; May 19, 19.5; May 6, 1S76. 



Yellow-breasted chat, May 18, 1874; May 9. 1S75; .May B, 1816. 



Hooded warbler. May 16, 1874; May 14. 1S75. 



Green black-cap warbler, May 16, 1874; May 13, 1S75: May 15, 1816. 



Canadian warbler, May 16, 1.K74; .May 81,1875; May 21, 1876. 



Redstart, Mays, 1874; May 7, 187BJ May 6, 1876. 



Scarlet tanager, May 17, 1574; May 16. 1875; May 14, 1870. 



Barn s« allow, May 1, 1S74; April 30, 1S75; May 2, tS76, 



Blue-headed vireo, May 1, 1874; May 5, 1975; May 2, 1876, 



—Waller Baker A Co. received the highest awards at Loudon, Paris, 

 Vienna and Philadelphia for their chocolate and cocoas, Tlie public 

 indorse this verdict by a constant mid ever-increasing deinan I tor these 

 " Ih ■■ preparations.— U<?». 



GAME IN SOUTHERN WYOMING. 



I TRAVELED back and forth through the Wildest p 

 of Colorado, some years ago, in the mountains, through the 

 parks, on the plains and along the river-valleys, and 1 dill not 

 see iu three months one tithe of the variety or lunulas ..f 

 game animals flint one week's trip in Southern Wyominu, has 

 shown me. And yet this is only Ihe " Oiuskirts of the same 

 region." they tell the, who are .supposed to know, 

 old hunter yesterday. 



"This is untliing. Start at Rawlins, go through Whisky 

 Hop to the Sweetwater River; up the Sweetwater to the Wind 

 River mountains'; pass alone flieit eastern base, between I hem 

 Mud lire Big Horn River up to the Big Horn Mountains. 

 Then go up to the western side around their northern end, 

 down their eastern face, and across the eounlry baek to Kort 

 Laramie or Cheyenne. ' Tiiru yon would s, , 



■ . , : ,,.■ . ',,.. part way there and shall til itlll to 



prove partially, at least, the truth of the assertion But liere 

 is whatf have already seen iu Iniveliimaeii ew Ihe open e.oiinl.iy 

 from Rawlins, Wyoming, on the Pacific Railroad, to Camp 

 St a i islam ah u ot far from South Pass, via. the Seminoe Mbuu 

 tains and Whisky (lap-. Buffalo, elk, black-tailed deer, 

 mountain sheep, antelope, gray wolves, coyotes, sago-hares, 

 cotton-tail hares, and— skunks, but perhaps that last Oneia 

 mil v properly introdneed because he dies game ; and of birds, 

 sage-fowl, sharp-tailed grouse, dueks, curlews and plovers, 

 besides an excellent list, of songsters whose names and lames 

 are of ornithological rather than of spoiling interest. 



Antelopes, asl wrote before, were very common about Raw 

 Uow, but they were wild. It was a test of marksmanship lo 

 bring one down. But as. we left there and marched over the 

 open uplands toward the norlhward, where hundreds of 

 cattle were gra/.ing, the prong horns became less timid, imd 

 would only move to Ihe brow of the next ridge as our noisy 

 train of pack-mules moved along, standing there and looking 



back at us in wonder and anxious curiosity. Whs; 1 ; 



sol li.rms, arching necks and shnpel 



crowned by the lyre shaped horns and long ears, made against 

 he tender opal of the sky! They arethe ;ran i| leplait 

 having no visible means of support; yet those llli 1 

 capable of tremeudoiis aeiiiei, and Hi i one always 



reminds me of the progress of a locomotive, the play of Ihe 

 slenderlegs resembling the swift and regular movement ol Ihe 

 connecting rod. Their trot is a curious, stiff-legged affair, as 

 though theirhcads were checked up as high as possible, causing 

 them' to mince their steps daintily. 3 lost of the does were 

 especially anxious not, lo be frigls 1 11 they had 



spotted fawns concealed in the sage-brush. 



As we went on the antelopes incre 1 ere, aud lost 



their wildness. Sometimes we could come lozei ookingfl 



