FOREST AND STREAM. 



to three islands, We shall li b >Id it, On oar friend Trepan - 



iefsland i ■,.,:;■., 



i 



bat foradistanr ,-, r ., i ,... ,i ,, I; ii, , tb< I 



river preset hi a, at the foot oi which the whule 



river rushes thro«gh a space uot more than fifteen feel 

 with a mossy blilff bulging ui> on one side, and on the other 

 a kind of broad domain of Rattened limestone. Just below 

 the Trepanier falls the river is spanned by the picturesque 

 bridge that hears the name of Dery, and in a deep, black pool 

 y under the bridge,, and almost under a pari of Dery's 

 garden, hundreds of snlmotf may sometimes be seen resting 

 themselves before attempting to surmount the roaring torrent 

 in their pathway Up the stream. Prom Dery's bridge to a Spot 

 called the Hospital, a distance nf half a mile, the course of the 

 river is through agorge or chasm of solid rock, very closely 

 resembling the MantmorocCY ' loree, where the rarjids are ter- 



luadi.- into innumerable caves ; one side immediately overhung 

 with primeval vegetation, a few trees spanning the entire 

 stream, and the others presenting a kind oi Erdze-work pave- 

 broad, uneven and peculiar, covered with tiny si ream 

 ipring water, and flanked by forest-covered bills. The 

 Hospital is the parag in of salmon pools, and derives its name 

 Iron, the supposed fact that here the salmon spend a consider- 

 able time recruiting their Strength after the toils c.vpericnred 

 "in their rough passage from the St. Lawrence some nine 

 away. Passingdown a little further, we come to what 

 appears to be the mouth of a small but wild mountain stream; 

 ;i second glance reveals a picturesque old mill partly bidden iii 

 a eleft of the hills, and from which the water issues ; and on 

 entering inl i conversation with the worthy miller howill men- 

 tion the singular cu-camatanct! that the supposed brook which 

 turns his great wheel is a pan oi the Jacques Oavtier itself 

 which I | journey of amile, hav- 



ing left tin- parent stream some distance ahove the Trepauier 

 falls, onward still, fora tew hundred yards, anddlovi 

 .ailed the Schute reveals itself to view.' it is a sloping rock 

 Spanning the entire river, down which the waters rush with- 

 out making a great noise over a long, inclined plan,, until they 

 tied their level some ten or fifteen feel belOW, and form a line 

 of foam across the stream. Above this sclnite are two ol the 

 finest salmon casts imaginable, and below it a number of 

 Charming pools, with a beautiful island, and e glimpse down. 

 ward of rough water hemmed in by perpendicular ledges, far 

 as the eve can reach, all crowned with deep green vegetation 

 The Everett Cliff, as.it is called alter the proprietor, is the 

 lust feature that 1 would speoify as coming within the range of 

 the three miles already mentioned, and it is a titling climax to 

 the whole. Itconsists of a slaty cliff, Baid to be two hundred 

 bet high and perpendicular, more than hnlf a mil,- in extent, 



Covered with leathery foliage, out of which ci gushing 



here and there little' si reainlets onlv to be lost in tie- deep, 

 black pools and wild rapids below Ai the upper extremity 

 of this cliff is a Mud of lake-like sheet of marvelously .lark 

 and still water into which another cliff from the opposite side 

 of the river pushes its lofty and jagged profile, as if Tor the 

 very purpose— which if certainly succeeds in of tilling the 

 beholder with amazement. Grand in itself, it faces a scene 

 that is both grand and beautiful ; and, indeed, likeevcry other 

 pro-peel on this charming river, after having once been wit- 

 nessed, cannot be forgotten. 



Hut the piscatorial attractions of the Jacques Carticr now 

 deserve' attention. The principal game fish of this river are 

 isalmon and trout, though the black bass and dory, or pike- 

 perch, are frequently taken in some of the lower pools. The 

 trout always have been, and still continue to be, abundant; 

 and specimens weighing three and four pounds are no great 

 rarity. A few years ago the salmon were even more numer- 

 ous than Die trout, but the cunning ails of pot -fishermen Or 

 poachers had well nigh exterminated the race, and would 

 nave done ao entirely but for the interposition of the Quebec 

 anglers, who caused stringent laws to be enacted, and now 

 .see to il thai l he river is properly protected. Judging from 

 my own experience, ao industrious angler might, count upon 

 a barrel of line salmon in one month -but how, as a po;-lisher- 

 iiltiu mighl sty, can the unnumbered pleasures of a month on 



siu'h a river :■■• compared with a lot of fish swimming in their 

 brine? In weigh! the salmon range from eight to sixteen 

 pounds, tin. I the season for throwing the fly generally extends 

 from the twentieth of June to the twentieth of August. As 

 to the extent, of their Journeys up the Jacques Carlier. ;„■■ 



counts strangely differ ; some of the inhabitants allege that 

 never go higher up Hem Trepanier's falls; others think 

 that they go to t he source "l the river, but never return (which 

 is. of course, a mistake'); and Trepauier informed me that he 

 had once taken six hundred in one night, with a net, some dis- 

 tance above his falls. As to thai locality 1 have myself seen 

 them clearing its foamy -waters and passing upwards and on- 

 wards in high glee, '['he proverb about, the early bird is par- 

 ticularly applicable to the angler who would kill a lair proportion 

 ,->f itahnon. On that Bcorcmj own zeal was seldom at fault', and 

 .one gentleman who chanced to liud me at work on his arrival 

 ,u three s U e,,s,iv,morniugB, gave it ilS his opin- 

 ion thai 1 slept, upon He- rocks all night, and that. Trepanier 

 was sufficiently foolish todo the same thing. The real truth 

 .,1" the mailer was this. I usually h ft. my bed a! Hue,' o'clock, 

 ami never had. to -wait lor my companion; and the walk of 

 linUtes down to th '.as invariably delight- 



ful. On arriving at thai spot OUT Aral business was fo collect 

 some drift wood and make a good large lire, not. only to warm 

 ourselves at the moment, but to dry Our clothes alter having 

 had a snuggle with a salmon ; and while waiting For the sun 

 to rise and the fog to disappear, Trepanier would smoke his 

 pipe, and leisurely examine my book of Hies, and generally 

 went to some convenient place to enjoy a bath We stopped 

 fishing usually about eight o'clock and went to breakfast ; and 

 if, (luring the morning, we hooked live or six salmon and lost 

 them all lighting one or two of them lor more than an hour, 

 inly considered the sport aagood; if we actually captured 

 two fish we were, well satisfied ; but if We could stagger home 

 imdi-i ihe. weight >.f four sahn in, two grilse . and a Urge trout, 

 as th, writer once ,li,: by hilarious, (.specially 



il one „f ihe beauties happened to be a sixteen-pounder. And 

 when il is remembered thai such a labor of love was usually 

 rewarded by a breakfast made up of such things as broiled 



trout or salmon, slewed pigeons, fresh eggs, rare ettfe an lull, 

 with t : : i inch pancakes and maple syrup, and 



two or three kinds of berries, ihe reader may imagine tied the 

 "good lime" of philos -p tiers had finally arrived. The mid- 

 dle hours oi those pleasant days were wholly devoted lo Hut 

 Indies, with whom ealcche drive-, ,,r walks m pursuit of the 

 picturesque, were enjoyed by bain Trepanier and myself j for 



ifternoon nap of thirty minutes, he was always 

 hand to play the escort with his rough but kind-hearted atten- 

 tions. A& evening approached, all the anglers who happened 

 ongregated at Dery's home-aud there were sometimes 



a— would assemble, pn the two banks of the river, 

 alt iii sight, ,,i each other, and ii there happened to be a. 



; il ladies- who bad accompanied their husbands, 



which was oftentimes the case, Ihe remenl ol the anglers 



while throwing the fly were perhaps more, graceful than usual 

 but, their success more doubtful In all m'v advent n, ! ,i, 

 not remember a single locality with more pleasure than this 

 spot known as Dery's Bridge, nor one which, on the score of 

 scenery and sport, and the refined and cultivated chl 

 Its visitors, so completely realizes my idea of the golden prime 

 of good old I/.nak Walton, 

 1 would have my readers remember, however, that the 



pleasures of salmon fishing in the Jacques Carder are derived 



more from the flurroimding associations than from the num- 

 ber of fish captured and many persons undoubtedlj ram 



With them from the river more distinct recollections of the 

 springs gushing from the hills, of a certain angler's cabin, wilh 

 ns supply of newspapers, and of the picturesque groups occa- 

 sionally nss, mbled there, than of the "oceans of fish" Which 



fori one may yield. Many salmon, however, are taken, and n 



few inoidenls touching .their capture will appropriately con- 

 Ou one occasion, for example, I saw an army Officer (who 



hadscrved with honor in the Crimea), capture, within one 



hour, at the right hand cast, above Ihe Schute, no less Hem 



three fine salmon, landing them without the assistance of his 

 habitani attendant. The only man who can compete with 

 Trepanier as an angler is Edward Dery, the son of Louis, and 

 a bolder or more expert, fisherman can nowhere be found. 

 He it is, by the way, who, in times past, when the salmon 

 would not rise to a fly, was wont to descend a rope ladder, 

 suspended over a fearful caldron of foam, and take out with 

 his galf a few salmon bolder than himself. lie is about the 

 only man also who has the hardihood or courage to throw the 

 Hies directly under Dery's Bridge; for where he Secures one, 

 after hooking him, lie loses a dozen that rush down the gorge 

 to the Hospital pool, currying all before them. One lish that 

 I saw him hook thera not only smashed his rod, but carried 

 one-hftif of it a mile down the river in less than five brief 

 moments. That the excitement of salmon fishing is sonie- 

 limes contagious Ihe following incident will prove. I had 

 hooked ;i huge lish at a rapid spot known as the Black Hock, 

 when Trepanier gave his accustomed shout, which caused B 

 gentleman on tin; opposite, sale of the river to rim down .and 

 witness the. fun. After uiy salmon had made his third mag. 

 niflcent leap and rush, and I was keeping him away from a 

 dangerous rock, my spectator became quite frantic, and. to 

 my astonishment, plunged lljto Ihe stream, and, just as Tre- 

 panier had gaffed my fish, up came the stranger to my side 

 out of the water, panting like a ''spent swimmer'' as be was. 

 He had crossed the river kicking a few lish under the chin, 

 perhaps, as bepassed along simply for the purpose of hav- 

 ing a look at ray prize. He was a lawyer, just, arrive,: frond 

 Quebec, and a novice in the art or salmon fishing; and I sub- 

 sequently heard that he has, on more than one occasion, 

 swam across the great St. Lawrence just for the fun of the 

 thing. I also heard that Ihe art he seemed to understand so 

 well was inherited, and that his rather had saved from drown- 

 ing no less than a dozen Americans during the war of 1M0. 

 which kindness an American gentleman reciprocated by put- 

 ting him in prison. Though Trepanier's exploits have nol 

 been as daring as those of young Dery, he kills quite as many 

 lish dining a season, and, upon the whole, is probably better 

 acquainted with the river. The very last fish 1 saw him cap- 

 ture gave him a pretty hard run. He hooked the salmon near 

 the head of the Black Rook Island, but on the western side ; 

 followed him to the fool, of the island, plaved him half nn 

 hour in a pool at that point, when the fish started up stream 

 again, hut now on the eastern side of the island, on reaching 

 the middle of which he seemed ready to give up the battle, 

 when he broke away and Trepanier made a rush, catching the 

 salmon in bis arms. The largest fish it -was my fortune to 



capture on the Jacques Carlier weighed siMeen' pounds. ! 

 hooked him while wading, and after tiring my arms until 1 

 could hardly hold the rod. he gave me two duckings and car. 

 ly carried me down a rapid, and then, by way Of displaying 

 his genius, ran eompletcK around Trepanier's legs, tangling 

 mv line dreadfully : but a successful sweep „f the ga.'I was 

 so,,., made aad he was landed in triumph. As to the Hies 



that do the best execution on the river, Hair merits I shall not 



discuss, because I never knew two anglers to agree on the 

 subject, and my experience has taught me that strength ami 

 size are of more importance than coior or beauty. 



REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF 

 FISHERIES OF THE DOMINION OF 

 CANADA, FOR THE YEAR 1876. 



A PArKTIAL abstract of this report, filial portion relating 

 more particularly to fish culture, has already been given 

 to our reader?, (see Forest smi Stbbam, June l \>. The sia- 

 tistics which occupj the greater part ol this somewhat volumi- 

 nous document are of special interest now that public attention 

 litis been called bo ihe subject by Hie meeting of ihe Commis- 

 sion of Arbitration of i nit.il states and Canadian Fisheries. 



The returns from the various fishing districts show that 

 considering Ihe prevalent depression in oilier branches of in- 

 dustrial commerce, the fishing industry is, comparatively 

 speaking, in a nourishing condition. The gross value of the 

 produce of those fisheries in lst7C> was *11,Mi,5',H), which is 

 an increase of $061,91? over thai, of the year 1875. The total 

 exports for 1876 were $5,501,231, of which the United Slates 

 and the British West Indies received respectively $1,476,380 

 and $1,348,687. Of the total imports $1,455,851, ihe United 

 suites furnished $692,855. 



A comparison of the total exports of lish and fish oils for 

 the fiscal years 1875 and 1876 exhibits an increase for the 

 latter year of $120,694? while a comparison for the same year 

 shows a decrease of $144,489. 1 u t he last six months , f 1875 

 there, were exported to the United States market $999,650; to 

 other countries $8,502,550. Hie imports for ihe same period 

 were, from the United Stabs $337,846 ; from other countries, 

 $24,072. During the last six mouths of 187U lite exports to 

 the l infed States weie $783>653; to other countries, $2,755,- 



3-17 ; the imports for if, , riod being, from the I I 



Stales, $434,920, and from other countries, $1 i9,62G 

 These slatemeii suggest: 



nKss i'i' the. fisheries'., their unfailing tonti tot be popu ■ 



tttlaj it and food; their influence as an iua ti ti ii 

 ditstrial enterprise : their great value as a staple of trade ; the 

 gradually increasing independence of the Canadian fishing iu- 

 tercsts of United Stales markets, and the growing importance 

 of their produce as regards Ihe increase of mercantile marine, 

 extension of foreign commerce and development of natural 



The toial number of li.-hiug licenses issued in Ontario, 

 Quebec, New Bruns Bi otia was 1,364, the total 



Bum accruing as rents under leases of angling privi 

 $o,895. Th,- niitiiii, i ol Salmon Caught by anglers with arti- 

 ficial Hies was 3,880, and ihe outlay of private persona on the 



thirty-two livors fished by these, angling parties was about 



-tio.oiio. 

 Ti),- expe.im, tit of shipping whilrlish and Salmon eggs to 



(beat Britain, at firsl unsuccessful, resulted in ihe safecOn- 



icly upon their 

 l tanks, at Kens- 

 ice Lake to be 

 ssful. and it is 

 :<1 to ihe waters 



el < 



The 

 only 



ed iu l'l 



ed 



ids. 



Hal 



license has ,,r, 



led that the Sale 



lity of the Thousand Isla 



ins for the artificially-bred Balm 



: trap netting has "been fournl 

 hat the privileges of thus capt 

 a term of years. 



irl i mbraces (he detailed reports of the various fish- 

 ing officers, wiih the details respecting the quantity and value 

 of the lish caught in each subdivision of these districts, and 

 much interesting matter regarding the condition of ihe fishing. 

 the state of the river, observance of fishery laws, etc. 



I'll: 



■d to 



if Lake Ontario 

 as-able, and il. is 

 g these fish be 



C.\i.n-i>i:si\ s.m mux in !.aki.; O.viAitio.- We referred last 

 week to the statements or fact contained in the following 

 letter from the Superintendent of Fish Culture in Canada: 



The ITsumy, Newcastle, Julv : ! 

 Editor Fohkst and Stream : 



I think 1 have the right lo claim die credit of heralding lo 

 yourself and your readers the. capture of ihe first California 

 salmon this side 61 the Pacific slope. One of the most beauti 

 I'ul and symmetrically formed salmon .grilse, it you like, I that 

 can be imagined wasiaketi by my men this morning in a net, in 

 company Willi some ..t Ufa balmO mlmcti, cousins of the ustu- 

 l.'.ke i Intel .o. This rara ;«.-. . 



. . through from back. fin to 

 I the scale at five pounds, i ,-| aim this 



rued out of this Newcastle batohary fn 



If was bred from the first lot of Call 



•seined by Prof. Baird, of the Smith 



■Canadian government, and forwarded 



the, mslruiiieutaliiy of Livingston,- Stone from the 



: works on the MoOlond River in California. This 



ui,u,;l. or. i shall ,l;,t, him, . will be a 



er three years old ,1 from the shell. 



ore think he stands imparalelled 



itful whether there is any similar 



18 



belly, and i 

 io be one of a brood t 

 the spring of 1S74. 

 fornia eggs kindly p 

 Institute, to II 



thr 



record rein 



The luarkim. 

 the body wen 

 lateral line pre 

 thence down t 



nd I i 

 r to tin 



of thi 



\ahm 



lelv 



iiy fish and the whole contour of 

 eautiful. The back down to the 

 Isome vermiculalcd greenish hue. 

 mail, Ihe belly a bright silvery 

 hade prevailed. The eye was unusually small, but very 

 ■p, keen, and si rikingly beautiful in its brilliant colon Ol 

 .U and gold. The head, tail and fins were, as . 

 i our native salmon, very much smaller. The bodj Was 

 •red with small iridescent scales, giving to the wholeflsb 

 most gorgeous sheen imaginable- in fact, the tm(t ewenibk 

 liu} little stranger for beauty and symmetry is beyond de- 

 mon. The tlesh is very similar in color to Ihe 8atmo 

 ink of Ontario, inclining to pink, but turning almost white 

 n cooked. The meal was unusually fal and oily, b, 



• extremely delicate to the taste, with a flavor not ini- 



ined whin-fish. There was found in the 

 hall digested food, as if of small lish and Crustacea, 

 en, adds another proof to my theory, of the easy uni- 

 on or acclimatization ot the salt. ion of the sea to huge 

 icsh water lakes, particularly when an iihiimhuit sup- 

 erc.-sary lood is found for their sustenance. A ,)iies 

 ie, what should be done with this novel specimen 

 ilmtmfannly? Should he notgo to the projector of his 

 of. Baird? Ilns was negatived, for the feelings of 



ostci-paient came uppermost, and if cannibalism is charg. 



jawBl one who eats his own propagation, he was caniiiUii 



scalped -and hisekin made a trophy of, bb it was mount- 



nd now presents a very fair specimen in death of what the 

 was when alive; and the flesh was eaten and very auii-li 



id by your bumble servant, 3a.ii Wilmot. 



like tr. 

 stomal 

 This, 



ol the 



race, I 



' Y t isii andSi\\»n Among the many interesting and in- 

 structive objects Of study lobe found in the tanks of the [ 

 York Aq ia i i urn, there is one deserving of especial meat;. ■ 

 cal fishes ami Iheirspawn. Ai pie>, „ -.,!,. ■ the male and female 

 fish— me engaged in the very Interesting occupation of batching 

 tho eggs, and tho embryo try are easily discerned within th.i,- 



senii-tran-parenl covering, 'fh- movements of ( i,., mil 



when waiched closely, disclose the fact lluit precisely the 



same as in Ihe artificial propagation of fishes, tile principal ob- 

 ject is to keep the water pure that immediately snrroun I 

 spawn, to accomplish which he covers the eggs with his body 

 and fans them with his fins, by which means the desired Ob* 



ject is attained. Ii was'.probably from Observing the raove^ 



monis of live fishes in the act of batching their young that 

 the art of artificial breeding was first suggested, and i 

 quciiily attempted, and as We now know with Buch grand re- 

 sults. The first thing the It -male lis.: I .vera 

 place suitable to deposil the spawn, which, when ,[■:., 

 Icii entioie to the care of her spouse, who digs a hole, to the 

 bottom of which it attaches the eggs by a kind of cement, and 

 then, as stated, covers them and keeps the water constantly 

 agitated by fanning it with his fins. At thee-.id,.! the ninth 

 day the young fishes are seeu within, and three days later ihey 

 bieai, their covering and come forth possessed with all the 



