l8 MIDDLEM1SS. PHYSICAL GEOLOGY OF SUB-HIMALAYA. 



the marshy stream-beds, whose waters flow longitudinally with the 

 geological strike of the country. 



The larger rivers of this zone are full of fish ; the chief of 

 which are the M3hseer or Indian Carp {Bar bus tor), and the Indian 

 Trout (Barilius do/a). A species of Labeo is very common in the 

 Peldni R. There are also fresh-water Tortoises, Crocodiles, and 

 Otters in the Ganges and Rimganga. 



Although nature has fitted out these jungles with every requisite 



for the brute creation, the human inhabitants are 

 Malaria. 



not so well off. The unsurpassed loveliness of 



the country, its crystal waters and brilliant skies, would lead a casual 

 traveller in the cold weather to imagine that no more desirable spot 

 to dwell in could be found. And this is true, in a large measure, for 

 the winter months of the year. But in the hot and rainy seasons, 

 especially during May, June, July and August, the climate is one of 

 the most deadly in India. Malaria then stalks through these jungles, 

 and a native's life is not worth much (I am told) after three years' ex- 

 perience in them. In this respect it is said to contrast unfavourably 

 even with Assam. 



CHAPTER III. 



PETROLOGY. 

 It will be well, at the outset of this chapter, to give the classifica- 

 Classification and tion °f the Sub-Himalayan system 1 inaugurated 

 scope ' by Mr. Medlicott ; and to indicate, by a paral- 



lel table, the formations which are represented in this district. The 

 following is Mr. Medlicott's classification : — 



/• Upper. 



Siwalik Series . . 5 Middle. 



Sub-Himalayan ) (-Lower (Nahan). 



System. "S tt fTr ... 



/■Upper (Kasauh). 



Sirmur Series . . j Middle (Dagshai). 



C Lower (Sabathu : nummulitic). 

 1 So far as possible I have made use of the stratigraphical and chronological terms 

 recommended at the Bologna International Geological Congress. Thus, in descending 

 order of magnitude — 



Stage = Age. | System = Period. 



Series = Epoch. | Group = Era. 



( 76 ) 



