CHANDI HILLS AND COUNTRY WEST OF MITAWALA S6T. 89 



Chaudi Hills and Country West of the Mitawala 

 (Mithi) S6t. 



This is the most westerly area which I shall have to describe in this 

 memoir. It is bounded on the west by the Ganges; and so brings us 

 into conjunction with the work already done by Mr. Medlicott, and 

 with that which Mr. R. D. Oldham is now engaged in mapping on 

 the 4-inch scale. Mr. Oldham has previously given a sketch map of 

 this part, 1 the result of a few rapid traverses ; whilst some of 

 Mr. Medlicott's investigations extended a short distance in this direc- 

 tion east of the Ganges. 



The aspect of the country shews a return to that in the neigh- 

 bourhood of the Chokamb and Kotri duns. There 



Surface features. . . _ 



is a widening 01 the bub-Himalayan area, em- 

 bracing a further extension towards the south, and an inbaying up the 

 Ganges valley towards the north. This widening is dependent on 

 the appearance once more of the two upper members of the Siwalik 

 series. Unlike the way they gradually disappear near the Kho R., 

 they set in suddenly in this locality by a north and south fault ; and 

 having done so they continue for great distances along the Dehra and 

 Kyarda duns, &c. The widening of this portion of the country is ac- 

 companied by a slackening of the angles of dip, by undulating normal 

 folds of gentler aspect than we have seen anywhere west of R3m- 

 nagar, and by a sudden dropping of the level of the country. The 

 orographical features also at once mark the country as different 

 from that I have just described. The low ridges follow longitudi- 

 nally the strike of the beds, and the water-courses between them, 

 in the main, also follow in this direction. In other words, the country 

 once more takes its surface aspect very much after the pattern of the 

 folds into which it has been thrown by the disturbing forces of up- 

 heaval, anticlinals forming ridges and synclinals valleys, all of which 

 are more or less openly disconnected with the ridges and ravines of 

 the Nahan and Himalayan zones above (see section IX). 

 1 See Rec, G. S. I., XVII, p. 161. 



( M7 ) 



