104 MIDDLEMISS: PHYSICAL GEOLOGY OF SUB-HIMALAYA. 



one bar to the formation of a regular dun. With regard to the north, 

 ern Nahan band, it can be seen from the map to gradually lessen 

 in width in the direction of Durgapipal ; the main boundary running 

 towards that point from Lohakham by the upper stretch of the Gaunia 

 Rau. 



In an easterly direction from this dun-like part of the Nandhaur, 

 as far as P£tli village, there comes a very interesting and compli- 

 cated arrangement of the strata, which is illustrated in the sections 

 X, Xt, XII, XIII and XIV. For the present, therefore, we will leave 

 the Nandhaur, in order to describe those sections. 



The first section is taken parallel with the Kalaunia N. It illus- 

 „ . . N , trates the general structure prevailing across 



country north of the the whole of the Sub-Himalayan zone. Travel- 

 Sara N. . y 



ling up the Kalaunia gorge every variety of the 



Nahan sandstone is perfectly familiar ; we recognise the well-bedded 

 and jointed sandstones of dark greenish, greyish, and brown colours, 

 with their subsidiary hardened clay and purple shale bands, the 

 latter being very prominently seen about i£ miles north of Kalaunia 

 got ; we recognise the hardened concretionary layers, and the con- 

 glomerates of sub-angular pebbles of shale and clay and sandstone ; 

 and, finally, the passage up into the sand-rock stage in the Sa"ra N. 

 is also the same as of old, save that it is perhaps a little more sudden. 

 The dips are due north near Kalaunia g6t and apparently inverted, 

 there being an inferred lying anticlinal (pit couche) near this place. 

 The northern limb of the fold dips normally north at first, afterwards 

 becoming N. by W. and N. N. W., and the angles increasing from 35 

 to 6o°. 



A little south of Silna jila the river bends east and west, and is 

 named the S£ra N. At this point the sand-rock comes in, and we 

 keep on due north up the Rela or Raiclla gadh (70). Entering that 

 stream from the south we have the sand-rock stage for some way as 

 characteristically displayed in all its composing elements as were the 

 Nahans in the Kalaunia N., except that the thickness of the sand-rock 

 is somewhat less than we have elsewhere seen it. The soft sands 

 ( 162 ) 



