IOO HAYDEN : GEOLOGY OF TIRAH AND BAZAR VALLEY. 



banks of the stream flowing eastward from the Kotal, through the 

 Wardn Valley, but to the west, in Maiden, they soon become covered 

 up by the mass of alluvial deposits, which spread over the greater part 

 of this valley, extending often for several hundred feet up the hill- 

 sides. Between Guldast and Ba*gh, however, they are found again 

 on a small hill on the right bank of the river, while on another 

 spur about 2| miles S. W. of Bdgh they are again seen. On 

 the Tseri Kandcio these beds form a sharply folded synclinal, 

 their base being seen on the southern side of the Kotal, but on 

 the north the lower beds are cut off by a reversed fault, which has 

 _ tA , . ,. ... pushed the older cretaceous limestone over 



Faulted junction with r ^ yjlf ^ L 



the cretaceous. the younger eocene beds. This fault, which has 



a strike of E. io° N. to W. io° S., persists for several miles, and as 

 it runs slightly obliquely to the strike of the tertiary beds 

 their outcrop gradually thins out towards the west. 1 On the Kotal 

 it is 650 feet in width, while at the small hill S. W. of Ba"gh 

 only some 250 feet are seen ; it is, therefore, probable that still further 

 to the west these beds are cut out altogether : unfortunately I had 

 not an opportunity of verifying this. 



At its base this series consists of a grey calcareous sandstone, 

 fl a ggy and thin-bedded, the lower portion of 



Basal sandstone. . . 



which is in places conglomeratic, containing 

 small rounded fragments of the underlying pale grey cretaceous (?) 

 limestone. This conglomeratic character, though often well-marked, 

 appears to extend vertically for only a few inches, and there are no 

 signs of unconformity between the two beds. 



The calcareous sandstone passes upwards into a bed of brownish- 

 _ , . , . red shale about 150 feet thick — in which I found 



Overlying shales. 



no fossils ; this bed is in turn overlain by a 

 shaley limestone containing many fossils, chiefly lamellibranchiata y 

 with spines of echinoidea^ while the upper portion is composed 



1 This cannot be shown correctly on the map, which is very inaccurate. In mapping 

 faults and junctions I have followed as faithfully as possible the physical features as shown on 

 the topographical map. 



This map has not been published. — Dir., G. S. I. 

 ( 100 ) 



