104 HAYDF.N : GEOLOGY OF T1RAH AND BAZAR VALLEY. 



badly preserved for identification, the age of the beds can still be 

 proved to be cenomanian, for they occur again further north in the 

 Wara*n Valley, where the included fossils are in a better state of 



preservation ; there they include chiefly bre- 



War an. J 



chiopods, with belemnites and locally numerous 



shells of ostrea. The brachiopods, which Dr. Noetling has kindly 



examined for me, are forms typical of the cenomanian beds of 



. , Europe, and we are thus enabled to fix defi- 



Cenomanian beds. 



nitely at least one horizon of these cretaceous 



beds, which are so extensively developed throughout Tirah. From 



the Maiden Valley, the cretaceous rocks extend northwards and are 



_ ... .;. , . well seen in the narrow defile, which extends 



Defile between Bagh 



and Dwatowi, f or SO me 8 miles, from Bigh to Dwatowi in the 



B3ra Valley (see fig. 3, PI. V.). Almost throughout the whole length 



of this gorge the beds are vertical or nearly so, 



Intense folding. . 



but it is highly probable that the same section is 



several times repeated owing to the intense folding to which the area 



SunnaritytotheSamana ^ s been subjected. The rocks strongly resemble 



beds * those seen on the Samdna range ; the same shaley 



limestones with indistinct brachiopod remains are overlain by similar 



sandstones which here contain worm-tracks. But the whole series is 



much faulted, and at about 34 miles north of Ba*gh, just below Mir 



Khdn of the map, it is brought into abrupt contact with an equally 



crushed series of red shales overlain by grey 

 Rhcetic. , J J 



limestones. This latter is a dark grey, massive 

 rock, with occasional narrow bands of carbonaceous shale, and extends 

 from Mir Kh£n to within three quarters of a mile of Dwatowi. Like 

 the cretaceous and Jurassic rocks to the south, it is bent into a series 

 of steep anticlines and synclines, with local faulting. In its upper 

 portions, it is a pure limestone, containing many traces of corals, 



which, however, cannot be identified. Towards 



Coral limestone. 



its base it becomes rather arenaceous, and 

 interstratified with it are bands of red shale, which gradually 

 ( 104 ) 



