110 HAYDEN ! GEOLOGY OF TIRAH AND BAZA*R VALLEY. 



pass, about i mile from the summit, the dip of the beds is almost 

 vertical, and bands of dark grey limestone are found interbedded 

 with the shales. The chief band is about 20 feet thick and consists 

 Cnnoidal and coral °f a m uch crushed crinoidal limestone over- 



limestone, j a j n b y a dense cora i li mes tone, on the surface 



of which stand out the silicified remains of many corals and echino- 

 dermata, Below this limestone is more shale, with bands of flaggy 

 quartzite and slate, dipping to the south. 



To the south of the Chura river, the ground rises steeply, and the 

 area between this point and the Surghar Range 



Hills south of Chura. . A . . , „ 1 • •, • • 



consists of a series of parallel ridges, rising 

 higher and higher till they culminate in the latter range. The beds, 

 as seen from Chura, appear to dip steadily to the south, but it is 

 probable that the dip soon changes and the beds form a synclinal, 

 in which will be found the youngest rocks exposed in this area. 1 



In the river bed at Ucha Tangi, between Chura and the Bazar 



Valley, the crinoidal limestones are again seen dipping to the south 



and overlying a bed of shale. Near Walai, the river suddenly 



„ , ., changes its course, which had hitherto been 



Permo-carbomferous & ' 



topermian^ \y. E., and passes in a southerly direction 



through a gap in the hills. The northern flank of these hills consists 



of much contorted shales, but over these are beds of massive dark 



grey limestone, with beds of a peculiar yellow- 



Fossiliferous limestones . , . , . . - , , . 



and sandstone nearWaiai. ish sandstone, highly calcareous, and con- 

 taining remains of numerous brachiopods 

 now replaced to a great extent by bright red oxide of iron, The 

 limestones also contain many remains of brachiopods, with corals^ 

 but the rock was so hard that I failed to extract any recognisable 

 Fossiiiferous lime- fossils. Further west, however, in the middle 



stones of China. f tne Baza*r Valley, stands a small range of 



• I have endeavoured to depict this in section 4, which shows broadly the structure as 

 observed between AH Masjid and the Chura Valley, but south of that, up to the Surghar Range, 

 the section is purely conjectural, while the remaining portion is based on observations made in 

 the Bara Valley. 



( no ) 



