246 HOLLAND ! CHARNOCKITE SERIES. 



such phenomena can hardly now be referred to as inconsist- 

 ent with an igneous origin. The " foliation " of the 

 charnockite series is, however, much less pronounced as a 

 rule than that of the accompanying gneisses and schists, 

 and is sometimes practically absent, especially in the cen- 

 tral portions of large masses, whilst the " banding " is gene- 

 rally a mere streakiness of aspect due to a definite direc- 

 tional deformation of a schlierig mass, and not due, as in 

 the schists, to continuous bands of dissimilar mineral aggre- 

 gates. 

 The charnockite series being so widely distributed and abundant in 

 the southern parts of the Madras Presidency, their study in the 

 field naturally brings one into frequent contact with the associated 

 gneisses and schists. The writer's observations agree with the 

 conclusions of previous workers as to a general division of these rocks 

 into two main types : — 



(i) A fairly homogeneous, generally granitoid, gneiss — the 

 fundamental or Bellary type' 1 of gneiss — apparently occu- 

 pying a stratigraphically inferior position, and, with less 

 satisfactory reasons, considered older than, 

 (2) A composite group of schists and gneisses made up partly 

 of material resembling deformed igneous rocks (orthogneis- 

 ses of Rosenbusch) and partly of schists which in composi- 

 tion suggest the metamorphism of sediments (paragneisses 

 of Rosenbusch). These have been referred to as the upper 

 or Salem type} 

 Mr. Foote has distinguished a system of less perfectly crystalline 

 schists under the name Bharwar System. These rocks form a series 

 of long bands of highly disturbed beds, folded and faulted into the 

 gneisses, with a general N.N.W. — S.S.E. trend, and exposed in the 

 highlands of Mysore and adjacent parts of the Madras Presidency. 



1 These two terms — s< Bellary type " and " Salem type " of gneisses and schists— were brought 

 into use by Mr. R. Bruce Foote, and correspond respectively to the divisions "Bundelkhand" 

 and "Bengal" used by Mr. Foote's predecessors and contemporaries in the northern parts of 

 the Peninsular protaxis. 



( '28 ) 



