STRATIGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS: INFRA-TRIAS. 17 



generally inclined to agree with Lydekker in the above correlation, 

 but he would rather suppose the schistose rocks of the Khagan valley 

 to be equivalent to the lower part of the Attock slates, the degree 

 of metamorphism depending on the depth of the horizon. 



(II) Infra-Trias series. 



Between the Slate series and the next younger formation there 



occurs a great stratioraphical and physical 

 Generalities. & , 



break, which is nowhere bridged over by inter- 

 vening deposits so far as my investigations and those of my pre- 

 decessors in Hazara have gone. The lowest of the younger series 

 not only begins as a great coarse basal conglomerate suggestive of a 

 shore-deposit, but it rests in complete unconformity upon the under- 

 lying slates. 



The Infra-Trias series may be divided up into the following 

 Classification. stages in descending order- 



feet. 

 (3) Upper limestones ..... thickness 2,000 



(2) Lower sandstones and shales ... do. 150 



(1) Basal conglomerate .... do. 5° — i°o 



(/) Basal conglomerate. 



This conglomerate, to which Wynne and Waagen first called 

 attention, 1 rests unconformably on the up- 

 turned edges of the Slate series. These ob- 

 servers have spoken of the rock as a ° breccia" j but, from the fact 

 that they clearly recognised its detrital origin, it must be understood 

 that they used the word in the sense of an angular conglomerate. 

 As the word breccia has, however, the more usual and totally differ- 

 ent meaning of a rock broken in situ by a faulting or other earth 



1 Mem. G. S. of I., Vol. IX, pt. 3, 1872. 



c ( 17 ) 



