STRATIGRAPHiCAL ELEMENTS : TRIAS. 2$ 



If we assume that the correlation of the Infra-Trias conglomerate 

 with the Boulder-bed of the Salt-Range is a 

 mlan age of the Infra- fair working hypothesis, then there isa reasonable 

 Trias limestone. probability that the Infra-Triassic limestone is a 



representative, partially or wholly, of the Carbo-Permian of the 

 Salt-Range, Kashmir, Spiti, and Kumaun. The. total absence of any 

 of the fine fauna characterising that rock-group may not unwarrantably 

 be accounted for by the metamorphism sustained by it, owing to the 

 outpouring of the volcanic rocks at the base of the next series, 



(III) Triassic series. 



In such places as the Infra-Trias is exposed to view in the 



normal sequence of the rocks, the next succeed- 

 ^Stratigraphical posi- ing formatioilj namely the Trias> makes ; ts 



appearance under what at first appear to be 

 conditions of some obscurity as to the exact relations of the series 

 to each other. It will be duly proved, in the descriptive portion of 

 this book, that the relation is a slightly unconformable one. Along 

 the northern part of what will be described afterwards as the slate 

 zone, it is generally the case that the Trias overlies one or other 

 member of the Infra-Trias, but in the more southern parts of Hazara 

 the former reposes directly upon the great Slate series. 



With the Trias we begin an ascending group of formations 

 embracing Trias, Jura, Cretaceous and Nummulitic, which have been 

 fixed as regards their palaeontological position by the original 

 workers in this area, Dr. Waagen and Mr. Wynne. This great 

 group of secondary and tertiary rocks is very connectedly distributed, 

 and generally when the Trias is found, the rest of the members of 

 the group will also be found in superposition in the same cliff- 

 section or hill-side. 



The Trias may be divided up as follows : — 



(2) Trias limestone, 500 — 1,200 feet. 

 CI ss'fi at' ^ Volcanic material, hsematitic breccia, quartzites, shales, 



etc., 50—100 ft. 



(/) Volcanic material, etc. 

 The volcanic material consists of a felsitic substance, which 



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