STRATIGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS : MURREE BEDS. 43 



The shales or hardened clays and associated sandstone beds are 

 thin-bedded and very gypsiferous in places. 

 " The gypsum is bedded or banded white and 



grey, as near Clifden. In other places a rotten yellow hardened marl 

 or calcareous clay is invaded by a mesh-work of fine calcite veins. 

 Pale lavender coloured calcareous shales are also invaded in the 

 same way. 



The purple sandstones and calcareous sandstones associated with 

 these rocks are very frequently full of Nummulites^ and they pass up 

 into purple sandstones and into dark or light purplish and green 

 sandstones of Murree type. Along with these go very fine pseudo- 

 conglomerates or clay-conglomerates of similar colours. There are a 

 few earthy concretions in the purple shales. 



Beyond Nummulites and a few badly-preserved bivalves in the 

 more calcareous layers, there is nothing to be noticed palaeontologi- 

 cally about the beds. 



(VIII) Murree beds. 



This great formation is not present to any extent within the 

 boundaries of Hazara. In the neighbourhood of Murree, however, and 

 along the south edge of the district, it appears in narrow width, whilst 

 away to the south across the great Rawalpindi plateau, it and the 

 younger Siwaliks cover an immense area. 



It is not necessary, therefore, to describe it minutely, more es- 

 pecially as Mr. Wynne 1 and Mr. Medlicott 2 have already mapped and 

 described it pretty thoroughly. 



It is generally a very fairly micaceous rather soft sandstone of pale 



bluish-green and pale purple colours, mixed in 

 Petrology. & , , t \ ,. , 



a pepper and salt way, so as to catch the light in 



varying proportions according to the position of a freshly-broken 



surface. The rock weathers to a pale or dark greenish-grey or 



brown. 



1 Note on the Tertiary and underlying rocks in the north-western Punjab. 

 Rec. G. S. of I., Vol. X, pt. 3, 1877. 



a Note on the Sub-Himalayan series in the Jamu hills. Rec. G. S. of I., 

 Vol. IX., pt. 2, 1876. 



( 43 ) 



