STRAT1GRAPHICAL ELEMENTS: CRYSTALLINES, ETC. 49 



is an ascending series from the slates to the Hazara " gneiss," among 

 which traces of inter-stratification are apparent. As regards the 

 metamorphism of the slates, etc., up to the gneiss, he remarks on it 

 exhibiting a lateral or geographical development rather than a de- 

 velopment coinciding with the antiquity of the strata. He again 

 mentions the lithological identity between the gneiss of Hazara and 

 that of the Kajnag range. He now defines the gneiss as a completely 

 crystalline granitoid rock composed of quartz, felspar, and black mica, 

 white mica being often present, with porphvritic crystals of felspar 

 lying sometimes parallel and sometimes at random in it, and with 

 schorl and garnets locally present. He then makes some noteworthy 

 remarks about the habit and lie of the gneiss. Although he sometimes 

 obtained what appeared to be dykes of it cutting through the schistose 

 rocks, he also sometimes found what appeared to be a gradual transi- 

 tion from the schistose rocks to the granitoid mass, the actual con- 

 tact being, however, defined within rather narrow limits. He remarks 

 also on the inclusions in the gneiss of portions of schists at Susal- 

 gali pass in Agror, where the included fragments are sometimes much 

 changed and almost as much crystalline as the including gneiss, and 

 those of Mansehruji in which the inclusions are often completely un- 

 changed. 



Mr. Wynne then sums up this somewhat conflicting evidence by 

 saying (page 119) that " the whole aspect of the gneissic or granitoid 

 region gives the impression that an extensive series of mechanically 

 formed detrital rocks has undergone transformation, the metamorph- 

 ism being locally intense, and its extreme results expressed by a 

 •very abrupt transition from highly altered schists into the gneiss 

 itself!' I can scarcely think, however, that the words italicised by 

 me abovre convey a legitimate conclusion from the facts recorded. 



Regarding the " less highly altered azoic rocks M he says the 

 metamorphism of the schists bears a more or less constant 

 relation of place to the margin of the gneissic tract, though it pos- 

 sesses no definite outer boundary. He makes a very suggestive 

 remark relative to the metamorphism of the schists on the Hazara 



E . . ( 49 ) 



