STRATIGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS : CRYSTALLINES, ETC. 63 



sometimes of great size, and vary from 2 to 8 inches in length, but 

 generally they average 3 or 4 inches only. The larger ones have often 

 only a very vague outline in the rock as if their boundaries had become 

 indistinct from the reaction of the still molten magma upon them 

 whilst the rock was in a half-consolidated state. They also pretty 

 generally shew magnetite and apatite, included within them. 



In some of the finer-grained and smaller veins of the rock (aplite 

 apophyses from the main mass) among the schistose rocks the pres- 

 ence of schorl in minute and broken crystals is especially note- 

 worthy, the latter as near Mansehruh giving the rock an appear- 

 ance of being banded. 1 



Along with the porphyritic character there also occurs another 

 feature which is extremely prominent near Mansehruh. I refer to 

 the frequency and number of included fragments of schist and quartz- 

 ite which throng the rock. Many of these included fragments are 

 as large as the crystals of felspar, 3 or 4 inches long, but others are 

 still larger and rounded in appearance. So full of included frag- 

 ments is the rock that they maybe found without difficulty every ten 

 yards of exposed rock in the stream-bed. Some are as large as a 

 foot across, and occasionally they are so crowded together as to give 

 almost the appearance of an agglomerate. 



Although inclusions of schist, etc., have been noticed and remark- 

 ed by me in other localities, at the Chor Mountain, etc., I have never 

 found any place where they are so pronounced as in this area round 

 about Mansehruh. 



Wherever the rock has been intruded into the schists in the form of 



a rather fine irregular fringe at the margin of the main mass (apophyses) 



it is of a finer grain, slightly more felspathic as a rule, and contains 



a greater amount of schorl, no black mica, and but little white mica. 



1 About 60 yards up the Bela stream from the Mansehruh plain an aplite apopyhsis 

 of the gneissose-granite cuts through the schists. It varies much in mineral composi- 

 tion at different points. In some places there is a large amount of schorl, in others a 

 larger amount of white mica. In others, again, the quartz and mica seem to make up 

 the rock to a large extent. Porphyritic felspars, though developed in some places 

 towards the centre of the thicker or more swollen parts of the veins, do not as a rule 

 shew up to quite the same extent as in the gneissose-granite massif. 



( 63 ) 



