102 MIDDLEMISS: GEOLOGY OF HAZARA AND BLACK MOUNTAIN. 



beneath the typical Trias limestone when those lower members of 

 the Infra-Trias are absent as well. This generalisation does not 

 merely apply to the Sirban hill sections, but to all the sections in 

 Hazara. These facts indicate that those limestones are one with 

 the arenaceous and conglomeratic portion of the Infra- Trias series, 

 and, though not always present when the latter are present, are 

 always absent when they are absent. 



(2) If we traverse down the slope from the ridge north of 

 Tanakki and cross the stream-bed east of Mehra, keeping a line north 

 or north-north-west so as to get well among the lower portions of 

 the exposed strata, we shall see that there is no line of division what- 

 ever between a formation that can be classed with the Infra-Trias 

 and another that can be classed with the Trias, along the line 

 indicated by Waagen and Wynne. The sequence is continuous 

 lithologically and structurally, and we simply cross beds of typical 

 white Infra-Trias limestone with the vesicular and cherty structures 

 mentioned above and with the interbedded sandstones, all dipping 

 uniformly down the slope at 4o°-45°. There is no trace of the hsema- 

 titic felsite which is the basement bed of the Trias, nor is there any- 

 thing which lithologically resembles the ordinary Trias limestone as 

 found generally in Hazara. Only when we come to the beds marked 

 as Tagling by Waagen and Wynne do we come to what I regard as 

 true Trias. 



The beds marked a, b } c, d } by Waagen and Wynne in their 

 memoir, figure 4, page 15, index references to which will be found at 

 page 1 7, require, therefore, to be placed with the Infra-Trias limestone, 

 as they certainly belong to a series which really underlies the haema- 

 titic breccia and felsitic rock. Bed b, is, however, said to contain 

 fossils, pecten, etc., a point I was unable to verify. The source of 

 the error in their figure 4, page 15, is to be found in the misconception 

 that the bed marked x (haematitic breccia) present on the summit of 

 Sirban belonged to a horizon beneath a, although they failed to find 

 it in this place. Its horizon is really beneath the bed marked e by them 

 in the same section, although not visible there probably by reason of a 

 ( 102 ) 



