114 MIDDLEMISS: GEOLOGY OF HAZARA AND BLACK MOUNTAIN. 



Near the foot of the hill the base of the Nummulitics is reached 

 and the Jura-Cretaceous is exposed with a fine development of 

 Gieumal sandstone in which some fossils were found. The Cretace- 

 ous is not well seen as a distinct bed at this locality, and the Spiti 

 shales are reduced to next to nothing, if not absolutely absent. 

 Waagen and Wynne say there is no development of Spiti shales 

 beyond in the direction of Dhumtour, but this is not strictly true, 

 as further on towards Shawali they come in again, and the whole of 

 the Jura-Cretaceous band forms a marked line of depression on the 

 hill-side easily distinguished from a distance. At Shawali the hill- 

 side presents the appearance sketched below : — 



Fig. 8. 

 d = Grey limestone. 

 c = Gieumal sandstone. 

 b => Spiti shales. 

 a = Trias. 



In any case the statement of Waagen and Wynne (Sirban 

 Memoir, p. 1 1) that the " cretaceous beds appear to follow imme- 

 diately above the triassic limestone " is incorrect inasmuch as there is 

 always present a certain thickness of Gieumal sandstone, even when 

 the Spiti shales are not visible. 



The Gieumal sandstone which with its overlying Grey and Num- 



mulitic limestone is quite close to the foot of 



the hill at this place (Nugukkee) can be seen to 



climb up the hill-side in the direction of Shawali. There is also some 



( "4 ) 



Section near Shawali. 



