12.2 MIDDLEMISS : GEOLOGY OF HAZARA AND BLACK MOUNTAIN. 



bold precipices to the west there occur the lower members of the 

 Infra-Trias, namely, purple quartzites and sandstones followed in 

 descending order by purple shales, and then by traces here and 

 there of the conglomerate which unconformably overlies the Slate 

 series. The unconformability of the one above the other, and the 

 actual sequence, is not so well seen as at the south-west end of the 

 Sirban Hill range, but with a little care the mutual relations of the 

 individual beds can be made out. The outcrop of the slates can be 

 traced for a little over a mile along the base of the hill face, after 

 which they sink beneath the alluvium, and the latter hides every- 

 thing up to the Infra-Trias limestone. 



The whole of the great semi-isolated hill-mass, of which these 

 cliffs are the western side, lying between Meerpoor and Bandee Peer 

 Khan is composed of Infra-Trias limestone ; its elevated, rugged, and 

 barren crest shewing gently undulating folds in the strata with a 



N # E. S.W. strike. At the very northernmost end of the hill, where 



the spurs descend to the level of the alluvium, the road to Mansehruh 

 takes a sudden turn to the north-east and goes for half a mile parallel 

 to a number of marked strike ridges in the limestone. 



South-east of Meerpoor in the direction of Kakool the bare hill- 

 sides and marked bedding of the Infra-Trias limestone are seen to 

 perfection in profile from the Abbottabad-Mansehruh road. At 

 Kakool the hill-sides recede somewhat, and it is necessary to ascend 

 a gentle slope of alluvium inbaying among the hills before we can 

 begin to trace out the very complicated cross-section at this end of 

 the geological complex. The village of Kakool tops the alluvial 

 slope, and behind it a great number of straight spurs and gorges 

 descend from the direction of Koond (7,841 feet), their general lie 

 coinciding with a number of closely-packed isoclinal folds of rocks 

 embracing representatives of the Infra-Trias limestone, the felsitic 

 rock and haematite, and the Trias limestone. The left-hand end of 

 horizontal section No. 2 had better be consulted here for details, as 

 words are inadequate to do justice to the complications. East and 

 south of Kakool the sharply-carved edges of the rocky spurs display 

 ( 122 ) 



