156 MIDDLEM1SS: GEOLOGY OF HAZARA AND BLACK MOUNTAIN. 



whereas further away to the south along the run of the ridge the 

 crags stand up in very lofty precipices over 500 feet in height. This 

 band of Trias runs from the south-west end of the ridge near 

 Guhoruh, where it is in strike continuation with one of the little hills 

 near Oochar, all the way along the north-west face of the ridge to- 

 wards the head of the glen above Gool and west of Jhan, when it 

 sweeps round towards the Sudruh buttress of the Tope hill. Besides 

 the few slips of Spiti shales down the slopes, which here and there 

 break the continuity of the outcrop, there is one rather large slip 

 of Nummulitic limestone, at a position due west of Jhan, and 

 represented on plate 7 looking north-north-east from above Juswal. 

 This slip completely conceals the outcrop of the Trias, and by its gentle 

 slope forms a natural and easy track up to the villages in that direction. 

 This detail could not be recorded on the one-inch map. Above the 

 Trias the Spiti shales, all along this side of the ridge, shew a beauti- 

 fully characteristic development. , The Trias surface on which they 

 lie is an irregularly flat platform which follows round the top of the 

 Trias crag. Here can be studied at leisure, as well as near Tanakki 

 or at Tandicini, the unconformable overlie of the Jurassics with the 

 boring mollusca imbedded in the hard floor. As below near Juswal, 

 there are slight minor corrugations of the Infra-Nummulitic rocks above 

 the Trias and along the line of weakness furnished by the Spiti shales. 

 One such is shewn, plate 7, in the view north-north-east from above 

 Juswal, and others occur near Jhan. They were all too small to be 

 represented on the map. The normal sequence through Gieumal 

 sandstone, Cretaceous, Grey, and Nummulitic limestones now follows 

 as the hill-side steepens to the top of the ridge. At about 2,000 feet 

 above the Dore river, between the Grey and Nummulitic limestones, 

 there is an exposure of the variegated sandstone and carbonaceous 

 band which, on excavation, yielded a seam, 17 feet thick, of coal and 

 carbonaceous shale in varying proportions (for details see Appendix 

 , page 288). Presently the top of the ridge is gained and 

 over the other side we look down a still steeper declivity, a small 

 notch in the slope some way down proving to be the Spiti shales 



( 156 ) 



