l6o M1DDLEM1SS: GEOLOGY OF HAZARA AND BLACK MOUNTAIN. 



section above this through the same Jura-Cretaceous and Nummulitic 

 sequence is in normal order to the top of the hill. 



Of the bands, which we have traversed over in this ascent, the 

 first outcrops of the Nummulitics, coal, and Grey limestone continue 

 south-west to the Sudruh spur, crossing the intervening ravine, whilst 

 in a north-easterly direction they cross the Dore river obliquely and 

 join up with the outcrop of the same formations south of Mohar (see 

 section through Bunyan hill from Gulee to the Hertoh river). The 

 inverted Jura-Cretaceous, next in order, forms an ellipse of outcrop 

 about 2 miles long, completely encircling the broad Deesal end of this 

 spur of the mountain and coinciding on its south-eastern side with the 

 next inverted outcrop of the same series below Khun ; so that Deesal 

 village is situated on a small elliptical outlier of the Grey limestone. 

 At each of its ends the ellipse of the Jura-Cretaceous rocks con- 

 tinues as a single band of outcrop travelling N.E. — S W. ; that to 

 the north-east crossing the Dore river in a nearly vertical outcrop 

 and joining up with the Sirbunnuh band, and that to the south-west 

 going by Seerguh to the Sudruh spur ; that is to say, in these two 

 directions the inverted middle limb only of the flexure has been 

 preserved from denudation. The bands above this on this spur 

 have already had their strike relations indicated. 



The Sudruh spur given off from Tope hill is of the form of a 



crook handle, with the inside of the bend direct- 

 Section up the Sudruh ed southwards. Its north-western slopes op- 

 spur. 



posite Dhumtour descend steeply to the Dore 



river, especially in their lower parts (the whole of Tope hill on every 

 side is steeply cut away near its base). Just opposite Dhumtour a 

 very black band of rock is seen in the river-cliff. This may be 

 easily mistaken for a continuation of the coal-band of the Public 

 Works Department mine. It is in reality an outcrop of the Spiti 

 shales, of jet-black colour, which, with the underlying Trias and the 

 overlying Cretaceous, proceeds south-south-west along the north- 

 western edge of the hill to the neighbourhood of Juswal, when the 

 Jura-Cretaceous bands curl round to form the end of the handle 

 ( 160 ) 



