﻿I 
  4 
  4 
  OLDHAM: 
  GREAT 
  EARTHQUAKE 
  OF 
  1 
  897. 
  

  

  has 
  found 
  an 
  old 
  drainage 
  channel, 
  of 
  a 
  small 
  tributary, 
  and 
  widened 
  

   this 
  out, 
  falling 
  into 
  the 
  old 
  course, 
  after 
  a 
  succession 
  of 
  rapids, 
  

   about 
  a 
  mile 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  from 
  the 
  northern 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  lake, 
  or 
  about 
  

   three 
  miles 
  in 
  a 
  direct 
  line 
  from 
  Jhira. 
  Between 
  the 
  lake 
  and 
  the 
  

   junction 
  of 
  the 
  new 
  and 
  old 
  courses, 
  and 
  between 
  them 
  and 
  the 
  low 
  

   spur 
  to 
  the 
  west, 
  the 
  flood 
  waters 
  have 
  spread 
  over 
  a 
  large 
  area 
  of 
  

   what 
  was 
  once 
  high 
  land, 
  and 
  are 
  estimated 
  to 
  have 
  killed 
  not 
  

   less 
  than 
  50,000 
  sal 
  trees. 
  

  

  The 
  barrier 
  by 
  which 
  this 
  lake 
  is 
  formed, 
  that 
  which 
  crosses 
  the 
  main 
  

   channel 
  of 
  the 
  Krishnai, 
  appears 
  to 
  be 
  directly 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  fault, 
  which, 
  

   on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  thickness 
  of 
  alluvium, 
  manifests 
  itself 
  as 
  a 
  

   gentle 
  roll 
  or 
  undulation 
  of 
  the 
  surface 
  and 
  not 
  as 
  a 
  sharply 
  defined 
  

   scarp. 
  Following 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  fault 
  it 
  should 
  strike 
  a 
  long 
  spur 
  

   of 
  low 
  hills 
  which 
  runs 
  out 
  northwards 
  into 
  the 
  alluvium, 
  but 
  I 
  could 
  

   find 
  no 
  trace 
  of 
  it 
  there, 
  and 
  the 
  fault 
  appears 
  to 
  have 
  died 
  out. 
  

   Whether 
  it 
  re-appears 
  further 
  on 
  along 
  this 
  line 
  I 
  cannot 
  say, 
  as 
  

   I 
  had 
  no 
  opportunity 
  of 
  exploring 
  this 
  country. 
  The 
  water, 
  however, 
  

   now 
  finds 
  its 
  escape 
  over 
  ground 
  which 
  formerly 
  lay 
  at 
  a 
  higher 
  level 
  

   than 
  the 
  stream 
  bed, 
  and 
  this 
  is 
  now 
  lower 
  than 
  the 
  crest 
  of 
  the 
  

   barrier 
  across 
  the 
  old 
  channel, 
  though 
  lying 
  on 
  the 
  upthrow 
  side 
  

   of 
  the 
  fault. 
  From 
  these 
  facts 
  we 
  may 
  conclude 
  that 
  the 
  throw 
  of 
  the 
  

   fault 
  must 
  have 
  become 
  less, 
  in 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  out 
  

   let 
  of 
  the 
  lake, 
  than 
  at 
  the 
  place 
  where 
  it 
  crosses 
  the 
  old 
  bed 
  of 
  the 
  

   Krishnai 
  ■ 
  in 
  other 
  words, 
  that 
  it 
  diminishes 
  to 
  the 
  northwards 
  of 
  

   Jhira 
  audit 
  is 
  not 
  improbable 
  that 
  it 
  may 
  die 
  out 
  altogether 
  before 
  

   reaching 
  the 
  low 
  hills 
  to 
  the 
  north 
  and 
  west 
  of 
  that 
  place. 
  

  

  Upstream, 
  or 
  to 
  the 
  southwards 
  of 
  Jhira, 
  the 
  flooded 
  ground 
  ex- 
  

   tends 
  for 
  about 
  4 
  miles, 
  and 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  bends 
  of 
  the 
  Krishnai, 
  where 
  

   it 
  takes 
  a 
  curve 
  to 
  the 
  east, 
  has 
  been 
  raised 
  and 
  laid 
  dry, 
  the 
  water 
  

   now 
  finding 
  its 
  course 
  along 
  a 
  depression 
  through 
  what 
  was 
  once 
  forest 
  

   land 
  The 
  country 
  along 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  the 
  Chedrang, 
  from 
  where 
  it 
  

   leaves 
  the 
  hills 
  to 
  where 
  it 
  joins 
  the 
  Krishnai, 
  has 
  also 
  been 
  extensive- 
  

   1 
  V 
  flooded, 
  in 
  fact 
  the 
  levels 
  of 
  the 
  whole 
  of 
  the 
  triangular 
  patch 
  west 
  

   of 
  a 
  line 
  joining 
  the 
  issue 
  of 
  the 
  Chedrang 
  from 
  the 
  hills 
  and 
  Jhira 
  have 
  

  

  ( 
  144) 
  

  

  