﻿25S 
  OLDHAM: 
  GREAT 
  EARTHQUAKE 
  OF 
  1897. 
  

  

  of 
  which 
  is 
  S 
  27 
  W 
  from 
  the 
  iron 
  pin, 
  which 
  still 
  remains 
  fixed 
  in 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  

   pedestal. 
  

  

  The 
  iron 
  framework 
  forming 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  spire 
  was 
  thrown 
  off, 
  and 
  a 
  

   number 
  of 
  bricks 
  were 
  dislodged 
  from 
  the 
  portion 
  of 
  

   St# 
  ^Calcutta 
  1 
  ! 
  6 
  ^ 
  1, 
  the 
  s 
  P 
  ire 
  immediately 
  beneath 
  it. 
  Some 
  of 
  these 
  fell 
  to 
  

   the 
  north 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  tower, 
  crashing 
  through 
  the 
  

   corrugated 
  iron 
  roof, 
  but 
  the 
  larger 
  portion 
  fell 
  to 
  the 
  southern 
  side, 
  and, 
  

   penetrating 
  the 
  roof, 
  struck 
  the 
  tiled 
  ceiling 
  of 
  the 
  Church 
  and 
  dislodged 
  some 
  

   plaster 
  from 
  the 
  inside. 
  A 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  bricks 
  also 
  fell 
  down 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  

   spire 
  on 
  all 
  sides 
  and 
  lodged 
  on 
  the 
  gallery 
  running 
  round 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  it. 
  The 
  

   iron 
  framework 
  was 
  projected 
  in 
  a 
  direction 
  S 
  31I 
  W 
  from 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  the 
  

   tower, 
  to 
  a 
  mean 
  distance, 
  horizontally, 
  of 
  about 
  40 
  feet, 
  and 
  struck 
  the 
  corrugated 
  

   iron 
  roof, 
  but 
  only 
  partially 
  broke 
  through 
  it. 
  The 
  top 
  is 
  described 
  by 
  eye-wit- 
  

   nesses 
  as 
  having 
  oscillated 
  for 
  some 
  time, 
  a 
  rain 
  of 
  bricks 
  falling 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  

   time 
  from 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  it, 
  and 
  then 
  pitched 
  over, 
  coming 
  down 
  head 
  foremost. 
  

   The 
  iron 
  stays 
  fixing 
  it 
  to 
  the 
  brickwork 
  of 
  the 
  spire 
  have 
  been 
  broken 
  through. 
  

  

  Cracks 
  have 
  appeared 
  at 
  each 
  of 
  the 
  angles 
  where 
  the 
  body 
  of 
  the 
  Church 
  

   joins 
  the 
  tower, 
  but 
  the 
  crowns 
  of 
  the 
  arches 
  supporting 
  the 
  tower 
  are 
  intact. 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  south-east 
  corner 
  a 
  large 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  cornice, 
  which 
  projected 
  four 
  feet 
  

   from 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  wall, 
  has 
  fallen, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  heavy 
  

   ' 
  c 
  balustrade 
  above 
  it 
  at 
  the 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  roof. 
  The 
  corner 
  

  

  pillar 
  of 
  the 
  balustrade, 
  a 
  large 
  mass 
  of 
  brick 
  masonry, 
  has 
  fallen 
  almost 
  

   intact, 
  and 
  is 
  now 
  lying 
  21 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  building, 
  in 
  a 
  direct 
  line 
  

   with 
  the 
  eastern 
  wall. 
  The 
  height 
  from 
  the 
  ground 
  to 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  the 
  pillar, 
  

   as 
  it 
  stood 
  originally, 
  was 
  approximately 
  54 
  feet. 
  In 
  falling 
  it 
  is 
  possible 
  that 
  

   the 
  pillar 
  struck 
  the 
  cornice 
  and 
  was 
  thus 
  projected 
  further 
  from 
  the 
  building 
  

   than 
  would 
  otherwise 
  have 
  been 
  the 
  case, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  quite 
  likely 
  that 
  the 
  cornice 
  

   fell 
  as 
  soon 
  as 
  the 
  balustrade, 
  and 
  did 
  not 
  affect 
  the 
  fall 
  of 
  the 
  latter. 
  The 
  

   direction 
  of 
  projection 
  is 
  S 
  20 
  W. 
  A 
  large 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  balustrade 
  ad- 
  

   joining 
  this 
  pillar 
  on 
  the 
  southern 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  roof 
  was 
  thrown 
  down 
  with 
  it, 
  

   and 
  is 
  lying 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  distance 
  from, 
  and 
  parallel 
  to, 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  the 
  wall. 
  

  

  1. 
  Brahmaputra 
  above 
  Goalundo. 
  Proceeding 
  up 
  the 
  river 
  from 
  Goalundo, 
  I 
  

   first 
  noticed 
  Assuring 
  of 
  the 
  banks 
  about 
  Sirajganj, 
  the 
  first 
  place 
  'the 
  steamer 
  

  

  stopped 
  at. 
  From 
  about 
  this 
  point 
  the 
  banks 
  are 
  fissured 
  

   Fissuring 
  of 
  river 
  banks. 
  on 
  either 
  s|de 
  tQ 
  a 
  greater 
  or 
  less 
  distance 
  from 
  the 
  edge 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  bank, 
  usually 
  about 
  20 
  or 
  30 
  yards, 
  to 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  Mangaldai 
  in 
  

   Assam, 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  some 
  260 
  miles, 
  and 
  fissures 
  extend 
  of 
  course 
  along 
  the 
  banks 
  

   of 
  all 
  the 
  minor 
  branches 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  and 
  its 
  tributaries 
  within 
  this 
  area. 
  As 
  a 
  

   rule, 
  the 
  fissures 
  run 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  bank 
  of 
  the 
  river, 
  and 
  where 
  this 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  

   case, 
  some 
  peculiarity 
  in 
  the 
  contour 
  of 
  the 
  ground, 
  a 
  drop 
  for 
  instance 
  from 
  a 
  

   higher 
  to 
  a 
  lower 
  level, 
  can 
  usually 
  be 
  found 
  to 
  account 
  for 
  the 
  change 
  in 
  direction. 
  

  

  2. 
  At 
  Rowmari, 
  for 
  instance, 
  besides 
  the 
  fissures 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  bank 
  of 
  the 
  river, 
  

  

  which 
  here 
  runs 
  nearly 
  north-east 
  and 
  south-west, 
  a 
  large 
  

  

  Rowmari. 
  fissure 
  runs 
  to 
  the 
  south-east 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  the 
  river 
  

  

  bank 
  for 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  at 
  least 
  500 
  yards, 
  when 
  it 
  becomes 
  lost 
  in 
  a 
  jheel. 
  (It 
  is 
  

  

  (258) 
  

  

  