﻿268 
  OLDHAM: 
  GREAT 
  EARTHQUAKE 
  OF 
  1897. 
  

  

  they 
  happened'to 
  be 
  at 
  the 
  instrument 
  and 
  felt 
  a 
  shock, 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  receiving' 
  

   a 
  signal 
  from 
  either 
  of 
  those 
  places, 
  if 
  the 
  shock 
  was 
  felt 
  there. 
  The 
  Telegraph 
  

   Master 
  assures 
  me 
  that 
  in 
  all 
  cases 
  the 
  shocks 
  are 
  felt 
  absolutely 
  simultaneously 
  

   at 
  these 
  places. 
  1 
  asked 
  him 
  to 
  note 
  the 
  exact 
  second 
  at 
  which 
  a 
  shock 
  was 
  felt 
  

   in 
  Shillong, 
  and 
  to 
  ask 
  the 
  signallers 
  at 
  Gauhati 
  and 
  Sylhet 
  to 
  do 
  the 
  same, 
  

   but 
  he 
  assured 
  me 
  afterwards 
  that 
  no 
  difference 
  could 
  be 
  detected. 
  

  

  He 
  also 
  informed 
  me 
  that 
  an 
  Assistant 
  was 
  sent 
  down 
  to 
  Nongpoh, 
  on 
  the 
  

   Gauhati 
  road, 
  as 
  soon 
  as 
  possible 
  after 
  the 
  shock 
  of 
  the 
  12th 
  June, 
  to 
  restore 
  com- 
  

   munication 
  with 
  Gauhati. 
  On 
  attempting" 
  to 
  signal 
  through 
  a 
  single 
  wire, 
  with 
  

   return 
  circuit 
  through 
  the 
  ground, 
  it 
  was 
  found 
  that 
  as 
  each 
  earthquake 
  shock 
  

   occurred 
  the 
  current 
  was 
  interrupted, 
  or 
  even 
  reversed. 
  What 
  is 
  called 
  a 
  " 
  closed 
  

   circuit" 
  was 
  being 
  used, 
  that 
  is, 
  the 
  current 
  was 
  kept 
  continuously 
  flowing 
  through 
  

   the 
  wire, 
  and 
  interrupted 
  by 
  the 
  key 
  only 
  at 
  the 
  moment 
  of 
  sending 
  a 
  signal. 
  

   Apparently 
  the 
  earthquake 
  shocks 
  set 
  up 
  currents 
  in 
  the 
  earth, 
  for, 
  when 
  a 
  second 
  

   wire 
  was 
  used 
  instead 
  of 
  the 
  earth 
  as 
  a 
  return 
  circuit, 
  no 
  effect 
  of 
  the 
  kind 
  was 
  

   observed. 
  

  

  39. 
  A 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  monuments 
  in 
  the 
  cemetery 
  were 
  affected 
  by 
  the 
  

  

  shock. 
  The 
  cemetery 
  lies 
  on 
  a 
  spur 
  at 
  the 
  west 
  end 
  of 
  

  

  Cemetery. 
  ^ 
  stat 
  j 
  0n> 
  t 
  h 
  e 
  g 
  r0 
  und 
  sloping 
  at 
  an 
  average 
  angle 
  of 
  

  

  about 
  7 
  to 
  south 
  and 
  south-west. 
  The 
  greater 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  monuments, 
  of 
  

  

  which 
  plans 
  are 
  given, 
  lie 
  close 
  together 
  on 
  the 
  more 
  level 
  ground 
  on 
  the 
  crest 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  spur. 
  

  

  «, 
  • 
  nrii 
  j 
  t 
  1 
  This 
  is 
  a 
  marble 
  slab, 
  ±i 
  inches 
  thick, 
  resting 
  on 
  a 
  

  

  Major 
  Willans, 
  d. 
  July 
  . 
  ' 
  * 
  a 
  . 
  ° 
  

  

  ,886. 
  plinth 
  of 
  quartzite. 
  1 
  The 
  slab 
  has 
  been 
  jerked 
  towards 
  

  

  E 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  west 
  end, 
  slightly 
  to 
  S. 
  

  

  G 
  R. 
  Nicholls 
  d. 
  ^ 
  mar 
  *ble 
  s 
  l 
  aD 
  > 
  carved 
  into 
  a 
  cross, 
  resting 
  on 
  a 
  

  

  May 
  1889. 
  quartzite 
  plinth. 
  The 
  movement 
  of 
  this 
  has 
  been 
  

  

  towards 
  S-E. 
  

  

  B 
  _ 
  _. 
  ,, 
  , 
  c- 
  u 
  This 
  is 
  a 
  granite 
  cross 
  standing 
  on 
  a 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  Mrs. 
  Maxwell, 
  d. 
  Feb- 
  , 
  , 
  . 
  , 
  ^ 
  • 
  c 
  u- 
  i_ 
  • 
  

  

  ruary 
  1889. 
  same 
  rock 
  forming 
  three 
  steps, 
  the 
  lowest 
  of 
  which 
  is 
  

  

  tilted 
  to 
  E 
  at 
  an 
  angle 
  of 
  2° 
  50", 
  while 
  the 
  upper 
  two 
  have 
  

   fallen 
  over 
  with 
  the 
  cross 
  and 
  are 
  still 
  attached 
  to 
  it. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  a 
  similar 
  cross 
  but 
  built 
  of 
  marble. 
  The 
  

   Mrs. 
  Spring, 
  d. 
  Decern- 
  lowest 
  step 
  has 
  tilted 
  over 
  at 
  an 
  angle 
  of 
  8° 
  30% 
  the 
  next 
  

   ber 
  1885. 
  j, 
  as 
  gjjd 
  fj 
  an 
  d 
  } 
  s 
  resting 
  against 
  it, 
  while 
  the 
  cross 
  with 
  

  

  the 
  topmost 
  step 
  attached 
  has 
  fallen 
  to 
  E. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  a 
  small 
  marble 
  pedestal, 
  resting 
  on 
  a 
  plinth 
  

  

  Mrs. 
  Rossenrode, 
  d. 
  of 
  quartzite 
  slabs 
  covering 
  the 
  grave, 
  and 
  supporting 
  a 
  

  

  July 
  1885. 
  sma 
  u 
  mar 
  ble 
  cross. 
  The 
  pedestal 
  has 
  twisted 
  round 
  26 
  , 
  

  

  PI. 
  XXXV1I1, 
  fig. 
  2. 
  the 
  eastern 
  side 
  nQW 
  fadng 
  E 
  26 
  o 
  S# 
  The 
  cross 
  has 
  

  

  fallen 
  and 
  is 
  lying 
  in 
  the 
  position 
  shown 
  at 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  the 
  pedestal. 
  

  

  This 
  consists 
  of 
  two 
  marble 
  slabs, 
  the 
  upper 
  one 
  

   Mrs. 
  Walker, 
  d. 
  July 
  carved 
  into 
  a 
  cross. 
  The 
  lower 
  slab 
  has 
  tilted 
  over 
  to 
  S, 
  

   l8b 
  5- 
  at 
  an 
  angle 
  of 
  io°, 
  and 
  the 
  upper 
  one 
  slid 
  off 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  

  

  direction. 
  

  

  « 
  The 
  quartzite, 
  of 
  which 
  all 
  the 
  plinths 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  tombs 
  are 
  built, 
  is 
  quarried 
  from 
  

   the 
  quartzites 
  of 
  the 
  Shillong 
  series 
  in 
  the 
  neighbourhood. 
  

  

  (268 
  ) 
  

  

  