﻿APPENDIX 
  A 
  : 
  E. 
  VREDENBURG. 
  

  

  305 
  

  

  Fig. 
  35. 
  Plan 
  of 
  roof 
  trusses 
  in 
  

   church, 
  Bhagalpur. 
  

  

  The 
  wooden 
  arches 
  can 
  only 
  bear 
  a 
  fraction 
  of 
  the 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  roof, 
  the 
  effect 
  

   being 
  quite 
  different 
  from 
  that 
  of 
  a 
  stone 
  roof 
  

   with 
  ordinary 
  cross-vaulting, 
  which 
  carrie 
  sthe 
  

   entire 
  weight 
  upon 
  the 
  pillars. 
  The 
  transverse 
  

   beams 
  carry 
  a 
  considerable 
  proportion 
  of 
  the 
  

   weight 
  on 
  to 
  the 
  masonry 
  wall 
  at 
  its 
  weakest 
  

   points, 
  being 
  the 
  points 
  of 
  the 
  lateral 
  arches, 
  

   each 
  of 
  which 
  carries 
  a 
  beam 
  on 
  either 
  side 
  as 
  

   shown 
  in 
  the 
  section. 
  The 
  effect 
  differs 
  also 
  

   from 
  that 
  of 
  an 
  ordinary 
  ceiling 
  which 
  would 
  

   have 
  many 
  more 
  beams, 
  distributing 
  the 
  

   weight 
  far 
  more 
  evenly. 
  

  

  Another 
  cause 
  of 
  weakness 
  is 
  the 
  small 
  distance 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  beams 
  penetrate 
  

   into 
  the 
  masonry, 
  which 
  appears 
  out 
  of 
  proportion 
  with 
  their 
  span. 
  The 
  most 
  

   probable 
  explanation, 
  therefore, 
  is 
  that 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  beams 
  was 
  actually 
  dislodged, 
  

   and, 
  in 
  falling, 
  carried 
  down 
  the 
  roof, 
  which 
  in 
  turn 
  wrecked 
  the 
  pillar. 
  It 
  is 
  the 
  

   eastern 
  pillar 
  at 
  the 
  extremity 
  of 
  the 
  northern 
  series 
  of 
  the 
  inner 
  walls. 
  The 
  

   building 
  is 
  oriented 
  exactly 
  east 
  and 
  west, 
  the 
  choir 
  occupying 
  the 
  eastern 
  end. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  gone 
  into 
  these 
  details 
  at 
  some 
  length 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  show 
  that 
  the 
  damage 
  

   to 
  this 
  building 
  is 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  somewhat 
  special 
  circumstances 
  ; 
  otherwise 
  it 
  

   might 
  give 
  an 
  erroneous 
  idea 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  intensity 
  of 
  the 
  shock 
  at 
  Bhagalpur. 
  The 
  

   remainder 
  of 
  the 
  building 
  is 
  almost 
  without 
  any 
  injury. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  crack 
  through 
  

   the 
  window 
  in 
  the 
  east 
  wall, 
  but 
  this 
  might 
  be 
  merely 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  the 
  falling 
  of 
  the 
  

   adjoining 
  pillar 
  and 
  roof. 
  

  

  The 
  little 
  pinnacles 
  and 
  turrets 
  are 
  all 
  uninjured 
  with 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  those 
  a 
  

   the 
  west 
  end 
  which 
  have 
  had 
  the 
  plaster 
  and 
  bricks 
  shaken 
  off 
  their 
  upper 
  part, 
  

   merely 
  the 
  knob 
  remaining, 
  supported 
  on 
  an 
  iron 
  rod. 
  A 
  small 
  belfry 
  springs 
  

   from 
  the 
  centre 
  of 
  the 
  pediment; 
  its 
  upper 
  part 
  has 
  broken 
  but 
  has 
  not 
  fallen, 
  

   owing 
  to 
  the 
  iron 
  rod 
  that 
  runs 
  through 
  it. 
  It 
  is 
  bent 
  in 
  a 
  north-west 
  direction. 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  tfie 
  station 
  master 
  and 
  the 
  telegraph 
  clerk 
  at 
  the 
  railway 
  station, 
  

   the 
  earthquake 
  began 
  at 
  4-25 
  railway 
  time; 
  the 
  telegraph 
  clerk 
  says 
  it 
  lasted 
  

   till 
  4-29 
  and 
  the 
  station 
  master 
  until 
  4-30. 
  I 
  have 
  ascertained, 
  however, 
  that 
  

   these 
  railway 
  clocks 
  are 
  not 
  strictly 
  correct; 
  variations 
  may 
  amount 
  to 
  as 
  much 
  as 
  

   two 
  minutes. 
  

  

  Jamalpur. 
  — 
  This 
  town 
  is 
  built 
  on 
  a 
  very 
  regular 
  plan. 
  All 
  the 
  houses 
  and 
  all 
  

   the 
  workshops 
  of 
  the 
  East 
  Indian 
  Railway 
  are 
  oriented 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  manner, 
  

   about 
  N 
  20°E-N 
  70 
  W. 
  

  

  The 
  effect 
  upon 
  the 
  buildings 
  has 
  been 
  the 
  same 
  in 
  most 
  cases 
  : 
  the 
  walls 
  facing 
  

   north 
  or 
  south 
  are 
  cracked, 
  while 
  those 
  facing 
  east 
  or 
  west 
  are 
  considerably 
  

   displaced 
  from 
  the 
  vertical, 
  or 
  have 
  actually 
  given 
  way; 
  the 
  effect 
  remains 
  similar 
  

   whether 
  the 
  longer 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  building 
  is 
  in 
  a 
  north-south 
  or 
  an 
  east-west 
  

   direction. 
  

  

  The 
  violence 
  of 
  the 
  shock 
  appears 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  very 
  great; 
  very 
  few 
  two- 
  

   ( 
  storied 
  buildings 
  have 
  remained 
  intact; 
  the 
  corners 
  have 
  often 
  collapsed 
  through- 
  

   out 
  the 
  entire 
  height 
  of 
  the 
  building. 
  In 
  most 
  cases 
  the 
  upper 
  stories 
  had 
  to 
  be 
  

   taken 
  down 
  at 
  once 
  and 
  many 
  houses 
  will 
  have 
  to 
  be 
  entirely 
  rebuilt. 
  

  

  X 
  ( 
  3°5 
  ) 
  

  

  