﻿APPENDIX 
  G, 
  369 
  

  

  Though 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  a 
  different 
  explanation 
  to 
  that 
  adopted 
  in 
  the 
  text,, 
  

   before 
  the 
  receipt 
  of 
  the 
  results 
  of 
  the 
  retriangulation, 
  has 
  been 
  indicated, 
  it 
  must 
  be 
  

   pointed 
  out 
  that 
  though 
  possible 
  it 
  is, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  present 
  information 
  goes, 
  much 
  the 
  

   less 
  probable 
  of 
  the 
  two. 
  In 
  the 
  first 
  place, 
  even 
  if 
  it 
  be 
  granted 
  that 
  tensional 
  

   strains 
  might 
  be 
  set 
  up 
  in 
  the 
  earth's 
  crust 
  of 
  sufficient 
  magnitude 
  to 
  give 
  rise 
  to 
  a 
  

   severe 
  earthquake 
  by 
  their 
  sudden 
  relief, 
  it 
  is 
  almost 
  impossible 
  to 
  understand 
  

   how 
  their 
  relief 
  could 
  give 
  rise 
  to 
  such 
  an 
  extensive 
  and 
  complicated 
  series 
  of 
  

   fractures 
  as 
  would 
  have 
  to 
  be 
  inferred 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  1897 
  earthquake. 
  Then 
  

   the 
  rapid 
  variations 
  in 
  throw 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  Chedrang 
  fault 
  are 
  more 
  in 
  accordance 
  with 
  

   what 
  would 
  be 
  anticipated 
  if 
  it 
  had 
  been 
  accompanied, 
  or 
  caused, 
  by 
  compression 
  

   in 
  a 
  north 
  and 
  south 
  direction, 
  than 
  if 
  it 
  had 
  been 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  direct 
  elevation. 
  

   The 
  nature 
  too 
  of 
  the 
  observed 
  displacements 
  of 
  the 
  trigonometrical 
  survey 
  

   stations 
  bears 
  out 
  this 
  supposition, 
  that 
  is 
  to 
  say 
  the 
  smallness 
  of 
  the 
  apparent 
  

   extension 
  of 
  the 
  sides 
  which 
  run 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  north 
  and 
  south, 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  

   those 
  that 
  run 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  east 
  and 
  west, 
  is, 
  as 
  has 
  been 
  shown, 
  explicable 
  on 
  the 
  

   supposition 
  of 
  a 
  general 
  compression 
  of 
  this 
  tract 
  in 
  a 
  N 
  — 
  S 
  direction. 
  If 
  there 
  had 
  

   been 
  a 
  real 
  extension 
  this 
  should 
  have 
  been 
  mainly 
  north 
  and 
  south, 
  seeing 
  that 
  the 
  

   general 
  run 
  of 
  the 
  fault 
  scarps 
  is 
  about 
  east 
  and 
  west, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  stretching 
  of 
  

   the 
  tract, 
  if 
  there 
  is 
  any, 
  would 
  be 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  this 
  or 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  north 
  

   and 
  south. 
  The 
  shape 
  of 
  the 
  epifocal 
  area 
  points 
  to 
  the 
  same 
  conclusion, 
  its 
  length 
  

   from 
  E 
  to 
  W 
  being 
  greater 
  than 
  from 
  N 
  to 
  S, 
  it 
  follows 
  that 
  the 
  displacements 
  to 
  

   which 
  the 
  earthquake 
  was 
  due 
  would 
  be 
  greater, 
  on 
  the 
  whole, 
  from 
  north 
  to 
  south 
  

   than 
  from 
  east 
  to 
  west, 
  and 
  this 
  whether 
  they 
  were 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  compression 
  or 
  

   extension. 
  The 
  apparent 
  displacements 
  of 
  the 
  trigonometrical 
  stations, 
  if 
  real 
  and 
  

   due 
  tc 
  a 
  general 
  expansion 
  of 
  the 
  hills, 
  would 
  necessitate 
  this 
  expansion 
  being 
  

   greater 
  from 
  east 
  to 
  west 
  than 
  from 
  north 
  to 
  south 
  ; 
  consequently 
  this 
  hypothesis 
  is 
  

   not 
  in 
  accord 
  with 
  either 
  the 
  general 
  structure, 
  or 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  focal 
  area 
  ; 
  

   it 
  has 
  already 
  been 
  shown 
  that 
  both 
  are 
  in 
  accordance 
  with 
  the 
  alternative 
  

   hypothesis 
  of 
  a 
  general, 
  though 
  not 
  uniform, 
  compression 
  in 
  a 
  more 
  or 
  lesb 
  north 
  

   and 
  south 
  direction. 
  

  

  It 
  will 
  be 
  seen 
  from 
  this 
  that 
  the 
  explanation 
  of 
  the 
  cause 
  of 
  the 
  earthquake 
  

   given 
  in 
  the 
  text 
  remains 
  the 
  most 
  probable 
  one, 
  but 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  the 
  possibility 
  

   of 
  another 
  explanation. 
  The 
  final 
  establishment 
  of 
  one 
  or 
  other 
  hypothesis 
  will 
  

   depend 
  on 
  the 
  extension 
  of 
  a 
  retriangulation 
  of 
  these 
  hills 
  from 
  a 
  base 
  known 
  to 
  

   have 
  been 
  unaffected 
  by 
  the 
  earthquake. 
  

  

  The 
  triangulation 
  carried 
  out 
  during 
  the 
  season 
  of 
  1897-98 
  has 
  fulfilled 
  all 
  that 
  

   could 
  be 
  expected 
  of 
  it. 
  It 
  has 
  shown 
  beyond 
  doubt 
  that 
  there 
  have 
  been 
  consider- 
  

   able 
  displacements, 
  both 
  vertical 
  and 
  horizontal, 
  of 
  the 
  hills 
  within 
  the 
  epifocal 
  

   area, 
  but 
  as 
  it 
  could 
  not 
  be 
  founded 
  on 
  any 
  origin 
  which 
  was 
  unchanged 
  by 
  the 
  

   earthquake, 
  it 
  can 
  give 
  no 
  final 
  measurement 
  of 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  these 
  changes. 
  

  

  The 
  facts 
  established 
  by 
  the 
  triangulation 
  already 
  carried 
  out 
  and 
  the 
  uncer- 
  

   tainty 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  exact 
  nature 
  of 
  the 
  changes 
  that 
  have 
  taken 
  place 
  make 
  it 
  more 
  

   desirable 
  that 
  the 
  work 
  should 
  be 
  completed, 
  and 
  in 
  'view 
  of 
  the 
  possibility 
  of 
  

   this 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  well 
  to 
  point 
  out 
  what 
  is 
  desirable. 
  

  

  2 
  B 
  . 
  ( 
  369 
  ) 
  

  

  